makes it more dangerous in temperate regions. It survives well in water and in many different soil types and on alternative hosts like weeds. It…
epidemic population densities. It can survive as epiphytic bacteria on various plants or in the soil in low densities. It has also been found in the…
the stem base. The plant above it wilts and rots. White, fluffy fungal mycelium grows on the lesions, giving this disease its name cottony soft rot.…
strong saprophytic competitor, which means it can rapidly colonize ‘clean’ or sterilized soil and substrate. It aggregates, so disinfection needs to…
Ustilago nuda f.sp. tritici is a basidiomyceteous fungus that affects wheat. It is also known as loose wheat smut, or loose smut of wheat. Life cycle…
sp. hordei affects barley and can destroy a large proportion of the crop. It is also known as barley smut, or loose smut of barley. Life cycle and…
growth is retarded and rooting is poor. Transplants look weak and may die. It is hard to visually distinguish between Pestalotiopsis clavispora and…
fuckeliana / Botrytis cinerea ) is a commonly found fungus in many environments. It survives in plant parts like bulbs and crop residues or as…
hardens the cell walls and makes it harder for the fungi to enter the leaves To reduce chances of powdery mildew in greenhouses, it is advised to…
humidity or presence of water. These conditions occur mostly in the spring if it rains or when sprinkler irrigation is used. Healthy, well growing…
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