Horse-chestnut leaf miner
in horse chestnut leaves go to four (occasionally five instars) and their size varies form 0.5 mm in the firsts instar up to 3.5 mm in the fourth instar [...] where it spread to most of Europe. Since then, in all invaded regions, outbreaks have continued unabated, causing aesthetic damage to horse-chestnut, one [...] between the upper and lower parenchyma. The mine starts to turn yellow and later brown. By this time, the damage is very visible. Eventually the mines may