Verticillium wilt

V erticillium albo-atrum and Verticillium dahlia e are the most important plant pathogens. Verticillium dahlia causes verticillium wilt and early dying [...] partial wilting. Life cycle and appearance of Verticillium wilt Verticillium dahliae survives for prolonged time periods (many years) in the soil as microsclerotia [...] that can withstand high and low temperatures and dehydration. Verticillium dahliae also survives as hyphae (mycelium) in crop residues. The fungus infects

Bedding plants

stocked away or disposed of: tulip, narcissus, gladiolus, hyacinth, canna, dahlia.

Early blight

symptoms Alternaria solani causes small green to dark brown spots to occur on leaves. Those spots then turn into dark brown angular lesions with a yellow halo [...] spots on leaves, petals and stems. These spots can be distinguished by the dark and brown concentric rings that are caused by sporulation. Species may differ [...] easily rupture. Other symptoms are brown lesions on stem and foot. On fruits, dark sunken, leathery lesions occur at the side of the stem. Life cycle and appearance

Lyprauta

trinidadensis have a variation of dark-coloured markings spread over their wings. Adults of L. cambria have a large dark-coloured mark on the apical wing [...] as well as two smaller marks. Adults of L. chacoensis have only one small dark-coloured spot on their wings. The eggs of Lyprauta sp. are greyish-black [...] and embedded in a dense web. Adult flies are long and slender and have a dark brown head with short antennae. The thorax is brownish-yellow and the abdomen

Glasshouse potato aphid

distinctive dark green spots on the abdomen at the base of the cornicles. Alate (winged) females are yellow-green, with a brown head, a dark thorax and [...] and a dark abdomen that has pale to dark transverse bands. The body shape is similar to wingless females, but is 2.0-3.0 mm long. The glasshouse potato aphid

Cutworms

red spot. They have broad hindwings, evenly light or dark grey or orange-yellow with a broad dark marginal stripe. The wingspan is about 40-55 mm and the [...] plant close to ground level. The larvae are yellowish when hatching with a dark head capsule and prothoracic shield, later they become earth-brown to dingy [...] encountered in the soil in a characteristic, circular position. Pupa are brown to dark brown and 17-25 mm long. Females are capable of laying several hundred eggs

Foot rot of cereals

obvious from late stem extension onwards. It results in dark-brown staining of the lower nodes. Long dark streaks may also appear at the stem base. On older [...] to pinkish fungal growth on infected plant tissues, often accompanied by dark lesions and rotting of roots and stems. These visible signs serve as key

Southern European marshland pyralid

dorsal surface of the body there are pairs of dark dots. The dark head is also conspicuous, as are the four dark dots behind the head capsule. There are 4 [...] Adults of the European pepper moth ( Duponchelia fovealis ) are light to dark brown with a clearly visible white crinkled line on the forewing. The end

Cottony soft rot

lesions, giving this disease its name cottony soft rot. In the mycelium, big, dark sclerotia are formed. They can easily be seen with the naked eye and look [...] cells. On the infected plant tissue white, fluffy mycelium occurs with new dark sclerotia. The fungus also infects seeds and tubers, thereby creating a source

Silver-Y moth

line. Below the lateral line there is a dark dot on each segment. Dorsally there are alternating light and dark stripes. A characteristic feature of this [...] feature is the irregular white mark. The hindwings are brown with a broad, dark band along the margin. The body is light brown and hairy, the antennae are