Hop

grower with the ability to extend up to 20 inches a week, and even 50 ft tall in one season. They are typically trained on strings up to 25 ft tall. The hop [...] Although frequently referred to as hops “vine”, this plant is technically a bine. Bines have stout stems with stiff hairs to aid them in climbing. They are [...] hop is native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere where currently the most acreage of production occurs. Although these plants have a very long life cycle

Olive scale

nearby surfaces. The honeydew may attract attendant ants and sooty moulds grow on the sugary deposits. Removal of large quantities of sap debilitate the [...] are oval, 3-6 mm long and almost flat. Their shield is dark grey or brown to black and has two transverse crests and one median ridge that together form [...] main veins on the lower sides of mature leaves. Many young females migrate to twigs and branches later and remain there for the rest of their lives.

Root and crown rot of strawberry

stimulates disease development. How to prevent Root and crown rot of strawberry Avoid stress: Take runner tips at the right stage to avoid stress and make plants [...] clavispora. Pestalotiopsis clavispora has been connected to strawberry diseases, but has also been linked to rose diseases. Damage symptoms Pestalotiopsis clavispora [...] Avoid overhead irrigation, since it seems to increase disease development Provide balanced nutrition Avoid damage to the plants by pest insects or plant handling

Plum

fruit that belongs to the subgenus Prunus as well as the genus Prunus . This fruit comes in many species, and taxonomists cannot agree on how many exactly. [...] Depending on who you are asking to, between 19 and 40 different species of plum currently exist. However, only two species, the hexaploid European plum

Pear psylla

serious damage in pear orchards. Damage symptoms Pear psylla feeding leads to growth inhibition and malformation of leaves and fruits. Heavy infestations [...] buds. Pear psyllas excrete large amounts of honeydew. Sooty moulds often grow on the honeydew covering shoots, leaves and developing fruits with a sticky [...] appearance of Pear psylla Adults pear psyllas are 2-3 mm long and orange red to blackish. They have white, longitudinal stripes on the back of the thorax

Black bean aphid

sugars, but has a low protein content. Aphids therefore need to extract large quantities of sap to get sufficient protein. The excess sugar is secreted in the [...] other crops. Damage symptoms Economic damage by black bean aphid is mainly due to direct feeding damage. Indirect damage is caused through the transmission [...] of growth hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or, if the infestation occurs early enough in the season,

Blueberry

fungi which protect the plants against these diseases can be applied to the growing medium when the plants are being grown under permanent protection, where [...] plant less vulnerable to infection. Bumblebees are highly efficient pollinators of blueberry crops. They contribute significantly to the successful production [...] productivity of these plants. IPM focuses on using a combination of methods to manage pest populations, which includes pest monitoring, cultural practices

European red mite

mainly on the undersides of leaves but moves to upper leaf surfaces when the lower side becomes crowded. Contrary to the two-spotted spider mite , Tetranychus [...] name, European red mite) but is now distributed in all important apple growing areas of the world. European Red Mite Control with Predatory Mites Damage [...] leaves and when these coalesce the leaves loose colour; this is often referred to as bronzing. When infestation is heavy, leaves can drop. Life cycle and appearance

Municipality Enschede: Entonem nematodes against oak processionary caterpillar

total of 2600 to 3000 oak trees with nematodes.’ Maintenance of biodiversity The municipality also used pheromone traps last summer, to help it to determine [...] Enschede started using nematodes for the first time in the spring of 2021 to try to halt the spread of the oak processionary caterpillar . The municipality’s [...] and based on the nuisance that we experience, we’ll be able to decide whether to expand the use of nematodes in following seasons,’ explains Klein Breukink

Pollination

of pollen from the anthers of the flower to the stigma of the flower. If the pollen is transferred from anther to stigma on the same flower it is called [...] one flower to the stigma of another flower on the same plant or on another plant. Many flowers require insects such as bumblebees or flies to transfer the [...] Lucilia sericata flies , offers a multitude of benefits to growers around the world. These flies prove to be efficient pollinators, finding their role in a diverse