• Sciarid flies

  following stages: egg, four larval instars, a pupal instar, and the adult. The adult insects are 1 to 5 mm long, grey-black flies with long antennae. They [...] grow on them, although some species can also eat living plant material. The adults prefer humid habitats and are attracted to a broad range of pathogenic and [...] micro-organisms for oviposition. Indirect damage is caused by the larvae and adults transferring fungal diseases, such as Fusarium, Botrytis and Verticillium

• Garden chafer

  the following stages: egg, 3 larval instars, a pupal instar and the adult beetle. Adult garden chafers ( Phyllopertha horticola ) have red-brown slightly [...] damage in the larval stage when it feeds on roots of grasses and clover. The adults feed on the leaves of trees like oak, hazelnut and birch and on the flowers [...] within stems of plants and on strawberry fruits lying on the ground. Both adult beetles and larvae are polyphagous and feed on a wide variety of plant species

• Black bean aphid

  younger parts of the plant but can spread all over the plant. Nymphs and adults extract nutrients from the plant and disturb the balance of growth hormones [...] Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. In greenhouses, reproduction takes place [...] usually darker than the body. The legs are light yellow with darker tips. Adult wingless aphids are 1.5-3.1 mm long.

• Phytoseiulus persimilis

  with their mouthparts and suck out the contents. The adult Phytoseiulus persimilis also attacks adult spider mites but the earlier development stages only [...] between 15 and 25°C. At about 20°C with good prey supply, an adult female consumes up to five adult spider mites or 20 young larvae or eggs per day. Because [...] protonymphal, deutonymphal and adult stages the mites feed almost continuously. Protonymphs and deutonymphs are similar to the adults in appearance, but smaller

• Broad mite

  tarsonemid mites has the following stages: egg, larva, and adult. The larvae have three pairs of legs, adults possess four pairs. The last pair of legs in both [...] Polyphagotarsonemus latus ) resembles the adult, but is slightly smaller and has only three pairs of legs. The emerging adult mite is roughly 0.2 mm long, oval [...] the larvae stay in their cuticle for one or two days and then emerge as adults. This stage is often considered a fourth stage called pupa, false pupa or

• Tomato leaf miner

  instar and the adult fly. Adult leaf miners are small yellow and black coloured flies , at most only several millimetres long. When the adult females feed [...] is affected. The older larvae make wider tunnels. Feeding spots made by adult females can also reduce yield, although except with ornamental crops, this

• American serpentine leaf miner

  instar and the adult fly. Adult leaf miners are small yellow and black coloured flies , at most only several millimetres long. When the adult females feed [...] is affected. The older larvae make wider tunnels. Feeding spots made by adult females can also reduce yield, although except with ornamental crops, this

• Cactus mealybug

  then into the adult female without a complete metamorphosis. Third instar nymphs and adult females are oval and covered by wax. The adult female is 1.7-3

• Impatiens thrips

  pupa, and finally the adult insect. Impatiens thrips (Echinothrips americanus) completes its entire development from egg to adult on the plant, specifically [...] on the ground. The prepupae and pupae remain immobile on the leaf tissue. Adults are found on both upper- and undersides of the leaves. This species of thrips

• Leek moth

  takes 2 weeks, pupal development 1 week and adults can survive 7-10 days. The moths overwinter as diapausing adults. [...] goes through eight stages, namely egg, five larval stages, a pupa and the adult moth. The eggs are small, white and elliptical and are laid singly on the [...] long, its colour varies from light yellow in the beginning to brown before adult emergence. Male and female moth are 8-9 mm long, with a wing span of 15-16