• Bean seed fly

  January 1, 1970

  Adult flies lay eggs near the base of bean plants, and upon hatching, the larvae burrow into the soil and feed on the seeds and roots of young plants. Larvae [...] Capirel ), are microscopic organisms that parasitize and kill the larvae of the bean seed fly. To implement this method, nematodes are applied to the soil. [...] feeding on emerged roots and cotyledons. Plants that survive are weak and less tolerant to subsequent attacks by other pests and plant pathogens. This feeding

• Long-tailed mealybug

  January 1, 1970

  least the length of the body itself. The length of the other filaments is roughly half the width of the body. The female is 3 - 4 mm long. Reproduction in [...] inflict damage on the crop in various ways: Nymphs and females extract the sap from the plant, stunting growth and causing deformation and / or yellowing [...] secretion of the mealybugs, reduces the ornamental value of the affected plants. Fruit and flowers are also fouled, rendering them unfit for sale, and the reduced

• Olive scale

  January 1, 1970

  General The olive scale, Saissetia oleae , is a cosmopolitan pest of citrus and olives and occurs widely in tropical regions and in greenhouses throughout [...] surfaces. The honeydew may attract attendant ants and sooty moulds grow on the sugary deposits. Removal of large quantities of sap debilitate the plant and [...] wilting, desiccation of tissues and dieback. Life cycle and appearance of Olive scale Young females are oval, 3-6 mm long and almost flat. Their shield is

• Geranium aphid

  January 1, 1970

  petioles. In outdoor strawberries they reach their peak in June. Winged aphids are formed from May onwards and are responsible for spreading the infestation [...] betraying their presence in the crop. Acyrthosiphon malvae rogersii is holocyclic (i.e. they mate in autumn and produce eggs to overwinter) and monoecious (i.e [...] distributed in northern and western Europe. Damage symptoms Wingless aphids may form large colonies on young strawberry foliage, particularly along the petioles

• Strawberry aphid

  January 1, 1970

  caused by the aphids sucking sap from the plant, which reduces the yield and quality of fruit. The leaves do not become distorted but leaves and fruits quickly [...] quickly become sticky due to the honeydew the aphids excrete. Black sooty mould fungi grow on the honeydew. The strawberry aphid is an important vector [...] of only 0.9-1.1 mm. The aphids mainly feed on the underside of young leaves. On outdoor strawberries, winged aphids appear in May and June; these aphids

• Horse-chestnut leaf miner

  January 1, 1970

  5 mm in the fourth instar. The pupa is brown and is 2.9-4.5 mm long. The horse-chestnut leaf miner overwinters in the pupal stage in a cocoon in dead leaves [...] time, the damage is very visible. Eventually the mines may cover the entire surface of the leaflets, especially from July on, when the second and third [...] a true cocoon in the mine. The percentage of larvae which spin true cocoons increases in each of the subsequent generations. Adults of the first generation

• Aphidius colemani

  January 1, 1970

  typical of the Aphidiidae. First the host is examined by drumming with the antennae. This gives the wasp the information about whether the aphid is the right [...] Aphidius colemani The parasitic wasp is available in a bottle ( Aphipar ). Spread the material on rock wool slabs or in Diboxes Make sure the material remains [...] behaviour, which enables the wasps to track down and parasitize aphids , even when they are at low density. The behaviour of the female during egg-laying

• Open field pollination

  January 1, 1970

  role in the formation of fruits and seeds. In the context of open field crop cultivation, effective pollination is key to bountiful harvests and sustainable [...] agriculture. In open field environments, bees are among the most efficient and reliable pollinators. Their foraging activities enable the cross-pollination [...] both fruit set and quality. They are robust and carry out their valuable work even in unfavorable weather conditions, low temperatures and low light intensities

• Mycotal Brochure

  January 1, 1970

  or by improving the distribution and stickiness of the spores to the leaf surface Mycotal is active between 5°C and 30°C and the optimum temperature [...] after the insect is killed. Favorable conditions for the growth and development of Akanthomyces muscarius are temperatures between 15 and 28°C and a relative [...] (Trialeurodes vaporium) and tobacco white flies (Bemisia tabaci), and thrips, and is applied as a foliar spray. After spraying the product, the blastospores germinate

• Greenhouse whitefly

  January 1, 1970

  influence the development of fruit and lead to a reduction in yield. The honeydew deposited on fruit makes it sticky. Dirt adheres to the fruit, and the growth [...] leaves and have an oval shape. The first instar larvae (crawlers) are mobile, whereas the rest of the larvae stadia remain flattened on the leaf. The fourth [...] This is called the pupa stadium and these pupae are found on the oldest leaves. The adult emerges from the pupa via a T-shaped fissure. The adult whiteflies