Crazy roots, hairy roots, crown gall

be caused by a change in the hormonal system of the plant resulting from the Rhizobium infection. Rhizobium rhizogenes puts a Ri-plasmid in the plant tissue [...] disinfection of tools, drippers, gutters etc. Adjust the work order in greenhouses to fit with the hygiene protocol Disinfect the nutrient solution in order to [...] growth (crazy roots). In greenhouse vegetables, the roots overgrow the substrate and in severe epidemics the drippers get clogged. In tomato, excessive vegetative

Vine mealybug

effect is a reduction of photosynthesis and therefore the yield. Flowers and fruit often drop off. Plant sap is rich in sugars, but low in proteins. In order [...] an adequate intake of protein, mealybugs must therefore ingest large quantities of sap, getting rid of the excess sugars in the form of honeydew. Charac [...] present only in the male. After a complete metamorphosis, a winged male emerges from the pupa. The male is smaller (1 mm), dark orange in color with long tail

Mirical

the cardboard strips over the stalk of a fully-grown leaf at the top of the plant. The Macrolophus will climb out of the cardboard strips and spread through [...] dry rock wool slabs, in Diboxes or on leaves. Make sure the material is not disturbed for at least a few hours Introduce in clusters of at least 50 predatory [...] Releases should be repeated after 2 weeks. Consult a Koppert advisor or a recognised distributor of Koppert products for advice on the best strategy for

Chafers

chafers are beetles of the Scarabaeidae family. The larvae of both species live in the soil and feed on the roots of many plants. They are a serious pest that [...] smaller; about 13-15 mm long and reddish-brown in colour. The adult beetles fly in the evening, generally in June and July and land on trees to mate. During [...] C-shaped grubs, with a yellow-brown head, and up to 30 mm long when fully grown. Larval development takes two years, fully fed larvae pupate in an earthen cell

Predatory insects

predators, capable of consuming a significant number of aphids in a short period. Aphidalia , featuring the ladybird species Adalia bipunctata , is a good solution [...] play a vital role in controlling whitefly , thrips , caterpillars and leaf miner larvae. Macrolophus pygmaeus ( Mirical , Mirical-N ), a species of predatory [...] pest control in agriculture. Equipped with piercing mouthparts, they actively hunt and feed on various harmful pests, helping to maintain a balanced ecosystem

Pollination

offers a multitude of benefits to growers around the world. These flies prove to be efficient pollinators, finding their role in a diverse array of seed [...] dealing with limited pollen production. What makes them stand out is their seamless compatibility with bumblebees, creating a dynamic synergy in pollination [...] production of vegetables, fruit and seed. Well pollinated crops result in considerably higher yields and improve the quality and shelf-life of these products

Pea blight, leaf and pod spot

blight, leaf and pod spot Grow peas in arid regions Use clean seed Use a minimum crop rotation of four years with non-host crops Bury or remove crop debris [...] General Ascochyta pisi is a fungal plant pathogen that causes A scochyta blight on pea (leaf blight or pea blight) and lesions of stems, leaves, and pods [...] ) causes foot rot in peas, whereas Ascochyta pisi does occur sometimes at the stem base but is not part of the foot rot syndrome in peas. Infected seeds

Western flower thrips

insect. The eggs of the western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis) are laid in leaves, flower petals and in the soft parts of stalks. They are [...] inserted into the plant tissue with a saw-like ovipositor. Larvae are nearly transparent white or yellowish to orange-yellow, with a large head and bright red [...] leaves and the black dots of their excreta indicate their presence in the crop. The vigour of the plant is reduced by loss of chlorophyll. When infestations

Pea leaf miner

plants of fruiting vegetable crops, however, a considerable quantity of foliage can get damaged before the harvest is affected. The size of a leaf tunnel [...] cosmetic damage. In tropical and subtropical areas this can lead to burning in fruit such as tomato and melon. Loss of leaves also reduces yield. In full-grown [...] tunnel depends on the stage of development of the leaf, the species of host plant and the species of leaf miner. The older larvae make wider tunnels. Feeding

Sugar beet

high levels of sucrose. It has a conical, white, fleshy root (a taproot) with a flat crown. The plant consists of the root and a rosette of leaves. Sugar [...] cultivar group of the common beet. Beta vulgaris (beet) is a plant which is included in Betoideae subfamily in the Amaranthaceae family. The root of sugar beets [...] exclusively in temperate zones, in contrast to sugarcane, which grows exclusively in tropical and subtropical zones. The soil must contain a large supply of plant