Apple scab
the winter in infected fallen leaves on the orchard floor. Within these leaves, the fungus forms pseudothecia, which produce ascospores that are released [...] released during spring and initiate new infections. In mild climates, the fungus may also overwinter in infected buds and produce conidia, providing an additional [...] management, economic losses can exceed 70% of production value. Infections are favored by cool, wet conditions during spring and early summer, when spores