Horse-chestnut leaf miner
January 1, 1970
the damage is very visible. Eventually the mines may cover the entire surface of the leaflets, especially from July on, when the second and third generations [...] number of attacked leaves are not greatly affected, but when the entire surface of leaves is covered with mines, the leaves start to dry out and fall off [...] firsts instar up to 3.5 mm in the fourth instar. The pupa is brown and is 2.9-4.5 mm long. The horse-chestnut leaf miner overwinters in the pupal stage in