• Orius laevigatus

  thrips are preyed on. Orius laevigatus nymphs kill approximately 54 second instar Frankliniella occidentalis nymphs during their development (four per day [...] can kill up to 20 nymphs or six to seven adults per day. They are also cannibalistic. In pollen producing plants, younger Orius nymphs are mainly found [...] Orius laevigatus nymphs are the primary predatory stage. They resemble smaller versions of the adults but lack fully developed wings. Nymphs are yellow initially

• Oleander aphid

  tic, meaning that they deposit nymphs rather than eggs and that the progeny are clones of the adult female. The nymphs feed in colonies on the shoots at [...] yellow with black cornicles, antennae, legs, and cauda (tip of abdomen). Nymphs are similar to apterae in appearance except that they are smaller. Size [...] at the top of the plant. Nymphs progress through five nymphal instars. Normally apterous (wingless) adults are produced but winged adults occur under

• Cactus mealybug

  instar nymph, on the other hand, moults into a third instar, and then into the adult female without a complete metamorphosis. Third instar nymphs and adult [...] in a sticky, foamy mass of wax threads, called an egg sac. First instar nymphs of the cactus mealybug are yellow-brown and not yet covered with wax. They

• Circular scale

  leaves of the host plant. Life cycle and appearance of Circular scale Female nymphs and adults have flat to moderately convex, circular scales up to 2 mm in [...] The adult male is 0.7 mm long and has a single pair of wings. First-instar nymphs are 0.3 mm long and have legs, but soon settle to form circular, initially [...] suitable feeding site before settling to a sessile lifestyle. The second-instar nymphs are the main feeding stage in both sexes. Development to adult takes 7-16

• Citrus mealybug

  the female shrivels up and dies. The first instar nymph develops from the egg. These first instar nymphs are known as ‘crawlers’. They are highly active [...] male nymph attaches itself to the plant, whereas the females remain mobile throughout their entire development. After the second instar, a male nymph forms [...] transmit harmful viruses. Mealybugs inflict damage on the crop in various ways: Nymphs and females extract the sap from the plant, stunting growth and causing

• Woolly apple aphid

  lanigerum overwinters as “naked” nymphs (without wax covering) on apple trees sheltering in cracks and under loose bark. The nymphs become active in late March [...] very frequently attacked. The aphids mainly spread through young, wingless nymphs which crawl or are blown by the wind from tree to tree. Sometimes a few

• Obscure mealybug

  First instar nymphs are yellow-brown and not yet covered with wax. They are actively mobile and known as ‘crawlers’. Second instar nymphs are darker and [...] transmit harmful viruses. Mealybugs inflict damage on the crop in various ways: Nymphs and females extract the sap from the plant, stunting growth and causing [...] wholly engaged in seeking females to fertilize. The female second instar nymphs, on the other hand, settle on the leaf and begin to secrete wax, moulting

• Vine mealybug

  . Damage symptoms Mealybugs inflict damage on the crop in various ways: Nymphs and females extract the sap from the plant, stunting growth and causing [...] ficus ) develops through 7 stages: egg, first, second and third instar nymph, prepupa, pupa and adult. The eggs are golden-yellow in color and are deposited [...] deposited in an cottony egg sac (ovisac) containing from 300-500 eggs. The nymphs are very similar to the adult female, even if they are smaller. The prepupa

• Potato aphid

  s are colonized, including tomato, aubergine and roses. Damage symptoms Nymphs and adults extract nutrients from the plant and disturb the balance of growth [...] colour. When reproduction is asexual, the young aphids are born as developed nymphs. They immediately start to feed on plant sap and grow rapidly. When reproduction [...] y characteristic of the potato aphid and is particularly visible in the nymphs. Immatures have a light dusting of whitish-grey wax. The aphids instantly

• Green peach aphid

  least 100 different viruses and is thus rightfully feared by many growers. Nymphs and adults extract nutrients from the plant and disturb the balance of growth [...] colour. When reproduction is asexual, the young aphids are born as developed nymphs. They immediately start to feed on plant sap and grow rapidly. When reproduction [...] spot on the abdomen and several transverse black bands across the body. Nymphs that develop into winged adults are often pink or red in colour.