Aphids

on stems, buds, flowers and fruit. Damage: Aphids can cause damage to leaves, stems, and flowers by piercing the plant tissue and sucking out the sap. This [...] remain unchanged and unsorted. The young aphids are born as developed nymphs and begin to feed instantly on plant sap. They grow rapidly and moult four times [...] hygiene Keep the growing area clean and free from weeds, debris, and plant residues that can harbor aphids. Regularly remove and dispose of any infested plant

Boisduval scale

the tropics, and in greenhouses in more temperate climates. It is very polyphagous and can be a pest of orchids, palms, pineapples, bananas and many other [...] scales on upper and lower leaf surfaces, fruits, and stems of plants. On palms, Boisduval scales are normally found on the leaves and stems. Toxic saliva [...] midrib and the portion of the petiole that is covered by the sheath. Small infestations on orchids cause extensive discolouration. Life cycle and appearance

Leek moth

countries and has been introduced to parts of Canada. The larvae of Acrolepiopsis assectella feed on cultivated Allium species, primarily leek and onion, [...] but also garlic and chives. Damage symptoms The vegetative and flowering stages are most widely affected, but the seedling stage is sometimes affected [...] affected in nurseries. Stored onions and garlic are also damaged. After hatching, the young larva explores the surface and mines the green leaves. On reaching

Large blackberry aphid

yield. Life cycle and appearance of Large blackberry aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety [...] blackberry aphid is widely distributed in Europe and also established in New Zealand. It only feeds on cultivated and wild blackberries. Damage symptoms High [...] mm long, pale to yellowish green with long antennae, legs and siphunculi. The cauda is short and triangular. The aphids overwinter as eggs on blackberry

Shallot aphid

Petioles are shortened and leaves curled and twisted. Blossom trusses are also affected, fruits remain small and yield is reduced. On bulbs and shallot, the aphids [...] shallots, strawberries, lettuce, brassicas and potatoes and many ornamentals . The shallot aphid is cosmopolitan and widely spread in Europe. Damage symptoms [...] plants. Life cycle and appearance of The shallot aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety

Leafhoppers

leaves, stems and fruits, causing serious damage to greenhouse and field crops. Their feeding reduces photosynthesis, weakens plants and directly affects [...] affects yield and quality. Effective caterpillar control is therefore essential for maintaining healthy and productive crops. Biological control of caterpillars [...] detection and mass trapping of adult moths, while beneficial nematodes target caterpillar larvae. Sticky traps help monitor pest activity and reduce flying

Black bean aphid

production. Life cycle and appearance of Black bean aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety [...] the plant but can spread all over the plant. Nymphs and adults extract nutrients from the plant and disturb the balance of growth hormones. As a result [...] form of honeydew, making the crop and its fruit sticky. Black moulds grow on this honeydew, contaminating fruit and ornamental crops. At the same time

Crane flies

soil in late summer to fall, and females mate and lay 200-300 eggs. Larvae emerge within one week and then feed on roots and crowns of grasses during the [...] leatherjackets, live in the soil and feed on roots and shoots (which they pull into the ground of mainly grasses and cereal crops. The adults do not cause [...] grasslands, turf and cereal fields. Exit holes of the burrows of the larvae might also be visible. Secondary damage may come from birds and rodents feeding

Box tree moth

stripes with white dots and hairs and a black head. Depending on environmental conditions such as day length, temperature and food source the larvae pass [...] webbing of the branches with frass and residues of moulting such as black head capsules of different sizes. Life cycle and appearance of Box tree moth The [...] are hidden between leaves and difficult to detect. They are green with brown longitudinal lines at the beginning of pupation and then turn light brown with

Tobacco whitefly

high level of resistance to many insecticides and its propensity for the transmission of viruses. Life cycle and appearance of Tobacco whitefly The tobacco [...] egg, first, second, third and fourth larval stage (often referred to as ‘pupa’ although strictly spoken this is not true) and adult. The larvae are found [...] but is slightly smaller and yellower. More distinctively, the wings of the tobacco whitefly ( Bemisia tabaci ) are held vertical and parallel along the body