• Pollination checklist outdoor

  d number of hives is dependent on the crop and the presence of other pollinating insects. Bumblebees and honeybees are able to complement each other's [...] bumblebees during the flowering period. For instance, position the hive on a crate or on a stack of stones. Flowering weeds may be visited by bumblebees in [...] with your advisor. Consult the list of side effects, on paper or via the Internet . This list states how each product can be integrated with the use of bumblebees

• Pea blight, leaf and pod spot

  causes spots on leaves, stems and pods of peas. The spots on leaves and pods are round, on the stems they are more elongated. The lesions are light brown [...] directly through the cuticle. On the lesions, pycnidia are formed from which orange-red masses of two-celled conidia are exuded. Secondary infection is [...] hardly survives in the soil or on crop residues because of its poor saprophytic competitiveness and because chlamydospores are rare. Primary infection is purely

• Bacterial spot

  spots may merge with lesions on the petioles and stems and form long dark streaks. On fruits, first small black specks are seen on green fruits. The specks [...] bacterial leaf spot on peppers and tomatoes. Damage symptoms Xanthomonas vesicatoria in tomato causes small, water-soaked spots on leaves which are first round [...] In pepper, the spots on the leaves are also round and small to start with and slightly raised from the leaf surface. They occur on the abaxial (underside

• Navigating Energy Efficiency, Greenhouse Lighting & Pollination Success

  December 1, 2023

  However, an overreliance on them may inadvertently compromise the conditions necessary for optimal pollination. Understanding How Bees Are Affected By New Energy [...] energy costs associated with the operation of growing lights are imposing a significant burden on growers, profoundly influencing the dynamics of crop cultivation [...] growers hinges on a delicate balance, particularly when employing energy screens as a cost-saving measure while considering their potential impact on pollination

• Downy mildew of Cucurbits

  structures are protruding from the stomata. Because there are more stomata on the underside of the leaf, this is where most fluffy symptoms are found. How to prevent [...] fruits. They cause lesions on the upper leaf surface, bordered by the veins, which are first yellow and then turn brown. On the underside of the leave [...] From these oospores or surviving mycelium sporangia are formed, structures in which zoospores are produced. However, in downy mildews, sporangia often

• Pollination checklist tomato

  Bumblebees are ideal for the pollination of tomato crops. Koppert's Pollination Checklist indicates how the best pollination results can be achieved. Download [...] pollinated before it closes. Depending on the conditions, a flower will remain open for one to three days. To check on pollination , collect about 20 closed [...] influence of chemicals on the plants or flowers. Bumblebees maintain a constant temperature in the hive. If the temperature to which they are exposed is too high

• Glume blotch

  days. On the lesions, new pycnidia are formed. The conidia that are produced in these pycnidia emerge in a pink slimy substance. The conidia are released [...] turning the whole leaf necrotic. On glumes, similar brown lesions with pycnidia and perithecia occur. Perithecia are also formed on dead glumes and stems. In [...] blotch, which presents itself as brown, elongated lesions with a light halo on leaves, stems and glumes. In the centre of the lesions, light-coloured translucent

• Beetles

  Learn more about What are beetles? Beetles belong to the order Coleoptera, a well-known group of insects that are easily recognizable on account of their hard [...] species feed on growing tips and roots or chew and bore into stems, but in other species also feed on leaves. Adult beetles cause damage by feeding on fruits [...] variety of form, size and habit. A number of species are a serious pest in crops or stored products. There are many useful beetles as well. For instance, ladybirds

• Flies

  conditions. Solutions for fly control Learn more about What are flies? There are several flies that are pests in agriculture, horticulture and mushroom cultivation [...] flies). The larvae of these insects generally live on rotting plant material and are mostly found in the soil. The spotted wing drosophila , Drosophila suzukii [...] recently developed into a major pest on soft fruits in Europe and North America. Sciarid flies and shore flies are mainly a problem in greenhouses. Their

• Gummy stem blight

  brown lesions on the foot and higher up on the stem. On the lesions, golden-brown gummy drops occur, hence the name gummy stem blight. On the lesions, black [...] The spores germinate when free water is present on the plant, at high relative humidity (RH) and on wounds. Leaves can be infected directly, through wounds [...] veins) or the hair bases. Stems are infected through wounds and by the infected leaves through the petioles. Fruits are infected through the flowers. The