Horse-chestnut leaf miner
mine of 4-7 mm diameter. The larva then goes through two spinning instars, which may or may not build a true cocoon in the mine. The percentage of larvae [...] spread to most of Europe. Since then, in all invaded regions, outbreaks have continued unabated, causing aesthetic damage to horse-chestnut, one of the favourite [...] the entire surface of the leaflets, especially from July on, when the second and third generations develop. Trees with a low number of attacked leaves are