• Fusarium head blight or scab

  produce ascospores. In general, most Fusarium specieshave a similar life cycle. Fusarium overwinters for many years in the soil and on crop residues of infected [...] species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species are considered weak pathogens and can only infect wounded or stressed host [...] older, lower leaves. The spores are dispersed upwards to the ears by splashing rain drops or wind. On the infected ears, the typical pink spores are produced

• Foot rot of cereals

  damping off. This can result in seedling death and poor establishment. Surviving seedlings may develop a brown lesion around soil level. This can develop into [...] at the stem base. On older plants, infection can produce a true foot rot, where the stem base becomes brown and rotten, resulting in lodging and whiteheads [...] the presence of the pathogen in affected cereal crops. How to prevent foot rot of cereals Avoid following maize with wheat in rotations Bury soil-surface

• Beneficial nematodes

  bodies, and they come in a variety of sizes, ranging from microscopic to several inches in length. Nematodes play various roles in ecosystems. Some are [...] insects. Nematodes can be applied by foliar or soil application, depending on the target pest. Here's a general guideline on how to apply nematodes (always [...] leading to significant agricultural and horticultural problems. These nematodes are detrimental to crop health and can cause yield losses. They feed on plant

• Angular leaf spot

  bacterium is very resistant to desiccation and can survive well in dry leaves or leaves in the soil, but not independantly in the soil. Under humid conditions [...] overwinters in plants and dead leaves, that become the primary source of infection in the spring. The bacteria are also introduced in a crop in new transplants [...] found in strawberry. Damage symptoms Xanthomonas fragariae initially causes small, water-soaked lesions on the underside of the leaf. They enlarge to angular

• Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot

  population densities. It can survive as epiphytic bacteria on various plants or in the soil in low densities. It has also been found in the gut of insects, [...] cannot infect healthy green leaves, but can grow in senescent leaves and from there grow through the petiole to the main stem through the xylem vessels [...] um carovora can also be found as secondary pathogen in plants that are infected by other pathogens. The bacteria that causes black leg in potato is a different

• Chafers

  symptoms Larval feeding on the roots can lead to yellowing and wilting of plants. Damage can be severe on young plants and especially in grassland and turf [...] reddish-brown in colour. The adult beetles fly in the evening, generally in June and July and land on trees to mate. During the night the females move to the ground [...] family. The larvae of both species live in the soil and feed on the roots of many plants. They are a serious pest that can cause substantial damage. The adults

• Combating Strawberry Aphids with Aphiscout

  March 15, 2019

  ‘sooty moulds’, leading to a reduction in the rate of photosynthesis. Collectively, these effects can have a negative impact on strawberry plant quality [...] Koppert consultant to ensure that your IPM programmes are comprehensive and robust, and able to combat all aphid species that can occur in commercial strawberry [...] matricariae Ervipar Aphidius ervi Use APHISCOUT to combat aphid pests in Strawberries. Aphid pests are a major threat to protected strawberry production because

• Leafhoppers

  feed on plant leaves, causing discoloration, stippling and leaf curling. Their feeding reduces photosynthesis, weakens plant growth and can lead to reduced [...] reduced yield and lower crop quality. In addition, leafhoppers can transmit plant pathogens, increasing the risk of disease spread within greenhouse and field [...] field crops. Effective leafhopper control is therefore essential to maintain healthy and productive cultivation. By combining monitoring with targeted

• Cottony soft rot

  mycelium grows on the lesions, giving this disease its name cottony soft rot. In the mycelium, big, dark sclerotia are formed. They can easily be seen [...] rat droppings. The symptoms may occur on stems but also on leaves, fruits and pods. Root infection often leads to premature wilting and death of plants [...] sclerotiorum ) overwinters as sclerotia and mycelium in dead and living plant material in or on the ground. Sclerotia germinate at temperatures between

• Phytophthora blight

  growth on the leaves. The centre is grey-brown with a light-green edge. On the stem, elongated brown lesions occur, usually circling the stem. On potato [...] optimal for crop growth. Phytophthora overwinters in roots, infected tubers and bulbs or in the soil in different stages: as oospores (sexual overwintering [...] produced in the sporangia. For germination on above-ground plant parts, leaf wetness is required. Dispersal is by wind and rain causes the pathogen to be returned