• Shore fly

  tenuicosta ) has the following stages: egg, three larval instars, a pupa and the adult fly. The eggs are laid singly and are bean-shaped. A first instar larva [...] occur on such a scale that growth, particularly of young cuttings, can be retarded. Life cycle and appearance of Shore fly The life cycle of the shore fly [...] larvae are brownish, less translucent and their body is cylindrical. The larvae are found in the top layer of damp soil, where they also pupate. The adult

• Vine mealybug

  spp .) are often found growing on this honeydew. Additionally, the white, waxy secretion of the mealybugs, reduces the ornamental value of the affected [...] similar to the adult female, even if they are smaller. The prepupa and pupa stages are present only in the male. After a complete metamorphosis, a winged male [...] an adequate intake of protein, mealybugs must therefore ingest large quantities of sap, getting rid of the excess sugars in the form of honeydew. Charac

• Woolly apple aphid

  females of the woolly aphid are 1.2-2.6 mm long, purplish brown and covered by masses of white, mealy wax. The siphunculi are pore-like and the cauda is [...] which crawl or are blown by the wind from tree to tree. Sometimes a few winged aphids are produced in summer. Winged egg-laying females are produced in early [...] to year of the woolly aphid depends entirely on wingless, parthenogenetic and viviparous forms. Sometimes a few wingless egg-laying females are produced

• Codling moth

  invading the fruit, the larvae first form a small cavity just under the skin. The entry hole can be seen and is usually plugged by dry frass. The larva then [...] burrows towards the core and eats a large proportion of the flesh, leaving behind brown frass. The entry point is then greatly enlarged as the tissue beneath [...] black ocellus on the hind part. The hindwings are brown. The eggs are about 1.3 x 1.0 mm, and whitish opalescent when laid. Later, the developing embryo

• Box tree moth

  Damage symptoms The larvae of the box tree moth ( Cydalima perspectalis ) feed on the leaves of box trees, but can also attack the bark of the trees, causing [...] lines at the beginning of pupation and then turn light brown with a dark pattern towards the end of pupation. There are two variants of adults. The most common [...] can lead to the death of the tree. As the tree is extensively traded within Europe, the box tree moth ( Cydalima perspectalis ) poses a serious threat

• Carnation tortrix

  (with a dark brown band in the females and two red bands in the males) and the hindwings (bright orange) ensure that the moths of the species are easy to [...] General The carnation tortrix ( Cacoecimorpha pronubana ) is a Mediterranean species belonging to the family of Tortricidae . It occurs in the Middle East [...] silken mass. The larvae hide inside the rolled leaves, growing tips or flowers that have been spun together. The feeding caterpillars of the carnation tortrix

• Spotted Wing Drosophila

  stick out of the fruit. There are three larval instars and in the third instar the larvae are about 3.9 mm long. The pupae of Drosophila suzukii are tan-brown [...] saw-like ovipositor that is used to penetrate the skin of the host fruit and for laying the egg into the fruit. Eggs are white, 0.6 long and 0.2 mm wide. Each [...] unripe fruits. The larval development takes place in the fruit. The larvae pupate either fully or partly in the fruit, or outside the fruit on the ground.

• Oak processionary moth

  and also in parts of the Middle East. Damage symptoms The nests of caterpillars on infested trees are clearly visible. The larvae of the oak processionary [...] months. From the 5th instar on, the larvae start building silken nests at the base of lower branches, on the trunks or at the base of the trunks, which [...] reducing the viability of oak trees. However, this is usually less of a problem as the trees normally recover from this. More important is the health risk

• Amblyseius andersoni

  often in the axil of veins. They are oval, white and are approximately 0.14 mm in diameter. The larvae have six legs, are the same colour as the eggs, and [...] into nymphs. The nymphs are larger than the larvae, have eight legs, and are a whitish yellow colour. Adult mites have eight legs, are a translucent white [...] mites. Eggs are oblong and transparent white. Adults are about 0.5 mm in size. Predatory mites are usually found on the lower surface of the leaves, often

• Bean seed fly

  discolored. Thirdly, search for the presence of larvae. Small, white maggots near the base of affected bean plants are a clear sign of bean seed fly infestation [...] flies lay eggs near the base of bean plants, and upon hatching, the larvae burrow into the soil and feed on the seeds and roots of young plants. Larvae [...] significant damage. Presence of larvae: Small, white maggots near the base of affected bean plants. These larvae are a clear indicator of bean seed fly infestation