Buckthorn-potato aphid

Life cycle and appearance of Buckthorn-potato aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety [...] nasturtii , has a nearly cosmopolitan distribution and is a major pest of potatoes, where it also transmits viruses. It also attacks a large number of other crops [...] tomato, aubergine, strawberries and gerbera and worldwide distribution. Damage symptoms Direct damage, caused by sucking of sap is rarely seen. Sometimes

Plant Pollinator interactions in high temperatures

Impact of radiant heat and humidity A glasshouse air temperature of 30° C at a humidity of 80% can still results in good pollination. At 30° C and 60% humidity [...] temperatures of more than 30° C for a couple of hours has a negligible effect on pollination. However, a full day above 30° C has an immediate effect on pollination [...] play a role; the influence of radiation also needs to be considered. A flower can turn into a marketable fruit when it is pollinated at 30° C and 80% humidity

Angular leaf spot

all types of vascular tissue of the crown can be infected, creating a look similar to that of a Phytophthora fragariae infection. Life cycle and appearance [...] on the leaves and form a secondary source of infection. They are dispersed by rain, irrigation water or handling of the plants. Infection of the plants happens [...] volunteer plants and crop debris Avoid waste piles in the vicinity of the greenhouse or field Resistant cultivars of pepper are available and should be used

Diglyphus isaea

isaea is most effective at temperatures between 15°C and 25°C (59 and 77°F). Behaviour of the parasitic wasp Diglyphus isaea Diglyphus isaea is a parasitoid [...] as a result of which the leaf miner larva dies. A few days after being parasitized, the leaf miner larva turns flaccid and brown. Older larvae of D. isaea [...] nectar and honeydew. Life cycle and appearance of Diglyphus isaea Because Diglyphus isaea is an ectoparasite, all instars (egg, larva, pupa and adult)

Scia-Rid

preparation of spray solution Application Nematodes can be applied using a watering can, an airblast sprayer, through a sprinkler system, with a backpack [...] the crop before and right after application Side Effects & Compatibility Pesticides can have (in)direct effects on biological solutions As a general rule [...] Scia-Rid can be used for biological control of fly larvae in mushroom cultivation. Pests Larvae of sciarid/mushroom fly ( Sciaridae ) and other species

Pear psylla

feeding leads to growth inhibition and malformation of leaves and fruits. Heavy infestations can cause premature leaf fall and fruit drop. Flowers attacked by [...] become active in spring and start to feed on young leaves and flowers. Eggs are deposited in crevices of the bark of twigs and hatch after about 3 weeks [...] General The pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyri , is a widely distributed pest of pear in central Europe and can inflict serious damage in pear orchards. Damage

Greenhouse whitefly

feeding on plant sap can affect the physiology of the plant, as a result of which growth is retarded. In full sunlight, leaves can wilt and fall. Such leaf [...] gerbera and poinsettia. Find solutions for whitefly in your crop Damage symptoms The larvae of whitefly need a lot of protein for growth, and thus consume [...] consume a large quantity of plant sap. This contains a high proportion of sugar, and the excess is excreted as honeydew, with larger larvae expelling large

Oak processionary moth

Life cycle and appearance of Oak processionary moth The adults have grey forewings with white and darker grey markings and a wingspan of ca. 30 mm. The [...] processionea ), is a major pest of oak in many European countries. The common and scientific names of this moth refer to the behaviour of the larvae to form [...] The larvae of the oak processionary moth cause severe defoliation, reducing the viability of oak trees. However, this is usually less of a problem as the

Apple scab

research that has been done on the influence of climatic conditions on release of ascospores and risk of infection, a decision support systems has been build [...] petioles and fruits and sometimes on twigs and bud scales. The lesions are olive-green. When spores are produced, the lesions become grey and fluffy. The [...] The lesions caused by ascospores are more restricted, whereas the lesions caused by conidia extend faster and may merge. Infected fruits and leaves may

Cutworms

Life cycle and appearance of Cutworms The adults of Agrotis spp. have pale grey to grey-brown forewings with a faint kidney-shaped marking and a red spot [...] night and hide in the ground during the day. Damage from these instars is usually observed as a cutting of young seedlings, often causing death of the cut [...] Sometimes wilting is observed because of partial cutting. A larva often cuts one plant and quickly moves on to other plants and continues cutting. Therefore,