• Treatment of bumblebee stings and allergies

  stinger, as is the case with honeybees and wasps. Drones cannot sting. The stinger is a weapon for defence. When a bee stings, some venom is injected into [...] in hospital is desirable, as the reaction may increase progressively over time. Toxic reactions Toxic reactions only occur when the victim is stung dozens [...] worker or queen can withdraw her stinger, and is able to sting again. A honeybee’s stinger does have barbs. When a honeybee tries to withdraw its stinger,

• Cabbage leafroller

  appearance of Cabbage leafroller An adult female is 12 mm long and is ochre-yellow with darker markings. The male is slightly smaller and slimmer, more clearly [...] General The cabbage leafroller (Clepsis spectrana) is native to North-West Europe. It is a highly polyphagous species causing damage to field grown cabbage [...] the body. The antennae are thin and of medium length. The moths fly when it is dark. The yellow eggs are laid in batches of 10 to 90 pieces and covered with

• Broccoli

  About Broccoli is a tasty, green plant. When it comes to botanical classification, the broccoli plant is categorized as part of the Italica cultivar group [...] cultivar group of the same species. The plant has a large, flowering head that is usually green. The head looks a bit like a tree and branches out from a single

• Loose smut of wheat

  General Ustilago nuda f.sp. tritici is a basidiomyceteous fungus that affects wheat. It is also known as loose wheat smut, or loose smut of wheat. Damage [...] tritici remains invisible until head emergence. The first sign of infection is the appearance of a smutted ear. Instead of normal tissue, the ear contains [...] source of inoculum in the next crop. The fungus survives inside the seed and when the seed germinates, the mycelium of the fungus grows upwards inside the

• Leaf stripe

  graminea is monocyclic, which means there is only one disease cycle during the cropping season. The fungus is seed-borne and this systemic infection is the [...] seed into the seedling. Conidia are produced on the infected leaves when humidity is high and wind-dispersed to neighbouring ears where they can infect [...] General Pyrenophora graminea is a disease of Barley that causes significant yield losses. Damage symptoms Symptoms first occur on the first, second and

• Horse-chestnut leaf miner

  this time, the damage is very visible. Eventually the mines may cover the entire surface of the leaflets, especially from July on, when the second and third [...] low number of attacked leaves are not greatly affected, but when the entire surface of leaves is covered with mines, the leaves start to dry out and fall [...] mm in the firsts instar up to 3.5 mm in the fourth instar. The pupa is brown and is 2.9-4.5 mm long. The horse-chestnut leaf miner overwinters in the pupal

• Spidex Vital: Your Vital partner in spider mite control

  introduction of “white” Spidex Vital it therefore is a clear proof of predation when red Spidex Vital is observed. [...] In a bottle of Spidex Vital a more diverse population composition is present, so when applied in hotspots the adults are followed up by the growing nymphs [...] our growers. As the result of many years of research and fine-tuning, Spidex is now delivered in a new formulation; with a greater impact on spider mite control:

• Aphidoletes aphidimyza

  predatory gall midge Aphidoletes aphidimyza is used for the control of the following pests: Aphids Aphidoletes aphidimyza is available at Koppert as Aphidend . [...] an aphid colony, finding prey for the newly hatched larvae is normally not difficult. When a gall midge larva attacks an aphid, it injects a paralyzing [...] Aphidoletes aphidimyza for aphid control Aphidoletes aphidimyza is a species of predatory gall midge known for its effectiveness in biological pest control

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• Towards a chemical-free future in agriculture: The vision of grower Koen

  result, he acquires a lot of knowledge and is prepared to fully transition to biological crop protection when the government decides that certain traditional [...] carefully examining effectiveness when it comes to applying crop protection . He emphasizes that the correct application of methods is essential for achieving optimal [...] farming are getting closer together. "The mix between traditional and organic is actually quite pleasant," he explains. He emphasizes that his approach stemmed