• Click beetles

  are 6-10 mm long and yellowish brown to black. The eggs are laid in May or June in groups in the soil. They hatch about one month later and the larvae start [...] the roots and bore into the base of plants. This can cause the plants to wilt and die. Damage is more severe in young plants. Life cycle and appearance [...] fully grown the larvae pupate in the soil in summer. The adults appear about 4 weeks after pupation, but usually remain in the soil until the following

• Large blackberry aphid

  blackberry aphid is widely distributed in Europe and also established in New Zealand. It only feeds on cultivated and wild blackberries. Damage symptoms High [...] cycle and appearance of Large blackberry aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour [...] usually appear in June and July and migrate to new canes or host plants where they produce wingless aphids again. In October to December winged aphids appear

• Large raspberry aphid

  cycle and appearance of Large raspberry aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour [...] Winged aphids usually appear in June and July and migrate to new canes or host plants where they produce wingless aphids again. In October to December winged [...] cauda is short and triangular. Overwintering eggs of the large raspberry aphid are laid near the base of vegetative canes and hatch in spring. After emerging

• Circular scale

  has been dispersed widely in tropical and subtropical parts of the world, mostly in association with the citrus industry. In more northern countries of [...] s it may spread to fruits, stems and trunks, and may cause yellowing of leaves, premature leaf and fruit drop, and stem dieback. First signs of an infestation [...] humid environments. In citrus, it tends to prefer the lower and central parts of mature trees. Circular scale prefers the leaves, but in high infestations

• Glasshouse potato aphid

  above with lumpy leaves and curled leaf margins. The immediate effects of piercing by the aphids are visible in lower leaves in the form of yellow patches [...] Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. When reproduction is asexual, the young aphids [...] presence in the crop. The wingless adult stage of the greenhouse potato aphid is rather squat, of medium size (1.8 - 3.0 mm long) and oval in shape. It

• Tobacco aphid

  evolved from the peach potato aphid in the Far East and is a key pest of tobacco crops in both the United States and South America. The tobacco aphid ( [...] is also encountered in a range of crops in greenhouses, such as sweet pepper, aubergine, chrysanthemum, and various pot plants and cut flower crops. Damage [...] Life cycle and appearance of Tobacco aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour.

• Obscure mealybug

  reduction of photosynthesis and therefore the yield. Flowers and fruit often drop off. Plant sap is rich in sugars, but low in proteins. In order to gain an adequate [...] damage on the crop in various ways: Nymphs and females extract the sap from the plant, stunting growth and causing deformation and / or yellowing of leaves [...] Fruit and flowers are also fouled, rendering them unfit for sale, and the reduced level of photosynthesis in the leaves also reduces flower and fruit

• Tomato leaf miner

  leaf-fall and cosmetic damage. In (sub-)tropical areas this can lead to burning in fruit such as tomato and melon. Loss of leaves also reduces yield. In full-grown [...] has many host plants and has caused crop damage in many parts of the world, including North Africa, Europe and northern Asia. In warmer regions, the insect [...] insect is found outdoors but in temperate regions it only occurs in greenhouses. The tomato leaf miner has been found in greenhouses for decades, but has

• Carnation tortrix

  region, particularly in Israel, Italy, France and Spain. In greenhouses, it is most notable for the damage it inflicts on carnations and strawberries. Damage [...] yellow to purple forewings (with a dark brown band in the females and two red bands in the males) and the hindwings (bright orange) ensure that the moths [...] observed on 160 cultivated and wild plant species – trees as well as herbaceous forms - of 42 plant families, and it is the major pests in carnation cultures

• Woolly apple aphid

  “wool” may contaminate leaves and fruits and can be a nuisance at harvest time. Life cycle and appearance of Woolly apple aphid In contrast to other aphids [...] origin and has been distributed to other parts of the world mainly via infested apple rootstocks. It can occasionally also be found in pear, quince and a few [...] pore-like and the cauda is small. Eriosoma lanigerum overwinters as “naked” nymphs (without wax covering) on apple trees sheltering in cracks and under loose