• Onion thrips

  prepupa, pupa, and finally the adult insect. The eggs of the onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) are laid in leaves, flower petals and in the soft parts of stalks. They [...] gerbera, carnations, bulbs and many others. Life cycle and appearance of Onion thrips Onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) develops in six stages: egg, two larval [...] tabaci) usually pupate in the ground, although pupae can also be found on leaves, in flowers or in other sheltered places. The prepupal and pupal instars can

• Fusarium wilt

  are cut. In banana, whole plantations may die and the soil may not be suitable for planting for many years to come. Life cycle and appearance of Fusarium [...] Fusarium oxysporum life cycle, is similar to that of most Fusarium species. Fusarium overwinters for many years in the soil and on crop residues of infected plants [...] drainage Apply nitrogen in the form of nitrate instead of ammonium Prevent damage during harvest and during post-harvest storage and enhance wound healing

• Glasshouse potato aphid

  defoliation. Life cycle Glasshouse potato aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour [...] with lumpy leaves and curled leaf margins. The immediate effects of piercing by the aphids are visible in lower leaves in the form of yellow patches. Heavy [...] (no eggs are laid) and holocyclic (winter eggs are produced) lifecycles. There is no alternation of hosts, and the two types of life cycles occur on the

• Large raspberry aphid

  Overwintering eggs of the large raspberry aphid are laid near the base of vegetative canes and hatch in spring. After emerging in spring, the aphids mainly [...] the spreading of various raspberry viruses by the aphids. Life cycle and appearance of Large raspberry aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both [...] both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. In greenhouses, reproduction takes place by parthenogenesis, with unfertilized viviparous

• Woolly apple aphid

  sticky masses of “wool” may contaminate leaves and fruits and can be a nuisance at harvest time. Life cycle and appearance of Woolly apple aphid In contrast [...] sheltering in cracks and under loose bark. The nymphs become active in late March or April (in the northern hemisphere) and around the end of May, large [...] other aphids , the life cycle and survival from year to year of the woolly aphid depends entirely on wingless, parthenogenetic and viviparous forms. Sometimes

• False spider mites

  are a clear red colour and elliptical in shape. They are laid in a fold in the leaf or along the mid-vein, often in dense clusters of several hundreds. [...] not produce webs. Life cycle and appearance of False spider mites Most false spider mites ( Tenuipalpidae ) are brick-red to yellow in colour. They have [...] protonymph, deutonymph and adult. They move slowly and are mostly found along the veins on the underside of leaves. The mites are flattened and egg-shaped when

• Fusarium head blight or scab

  lesions, fruit rot, fusarium head blight in cereals, such as wheat (fusarium head blight wheat) and post-harvest decay. Life cycle and appearance of Fusarium [...] ascospores. In general, most Fusarium specieshave a similar life cycle. Fusarium overwinters for many years in the soil and on crop residues of infected plants [...] drainage Apply nitrogen in the form of nitrate instead of ammonium Prevent damage during harvest and during post-harvest storage and enhance wound healing

• Fly pollination

  pollinate a wide range of plants, making them valuable in diverse agricultural settings. From fruits and vegetables to nuts and grains and ornamental plants [...] used in a wide range of seed crops. These flies are often applied in tents or other small isolation units with a few plants or when the amount of produced [...] bumblebees and honeybees. Fly pollination products Koppert Natupol flies show a stable emergence rate in combination with a high rate of activity in the crop

• Cottony cushion scale

  many types of fruit and forest trees, and ornamental shrubs and trees. Damage is mostly caused by sap depletion; the shoots dry up and die, and defoliation [...] spread widely through most of the tropical and subtropical countries of the world. It is also periodically discovered in greenhouses in temperate regions, but [...] red-brown body colour and covering of granular, white wax. The legs, antennae and body hairs are conspicuously black. The nymphs and adult females produce

• Raspberry

  idaeus and R. strigosus. The fruit of the raspberry plant is red, tasty and sweet but tart-flavoured. Raspberries are a seasonal fruit and produced in summer [...] raspberries, is a red-fruited species of Rubus. This particular plant species has its origins in Europe and northern Asia, but nowadays the fruit is being extensively [...] However, red-fruited cultivated raspberries, even those from North America, usually derive from Rubus idaeus or horticultural derivatives of hybrids of R. idaeus