Greenhouse whitefly

and the excess is excreted as honeydew, with larger larvae expelling large quantities. The damage that whiteflies cause to a crop is the result of sucking [...] leaves can wilt and fall. Such leaf damage can in turn influence the development of fruit and lead to a reduction in yield. The honeydew deposited on fruit [...] the population is very large, feeding on plant sap can affect the physiology of the plant, as a result of which growth is retarded. In full sunlight, leaves

Shore fly

instar larva is translucent white. Second instar larvae are brownish, less translucent and their body is cylindrical. The larvae are found in the top layer [...] species feed on rotting material. Shore flies are commonly found in greenhouses. Damage symptoms Shore flies ( Scatella tenuicosta) do not attack plants [...] plant diseases and can be a nuisance to greenhouse works by their sheer numbers. Frass deposited on leaves or flowers in ornamental crops, lettuce and herbs

Predatory mites

so knowing the target pest is crucial. Scouting is essential to know where the pest is, how severe the infestation is and to identify the pest. Select the [...] What are predatory mites? Predatory mites are beneficial arthropods used in pest control to manage and reduce populations of harmful pests in various [...] sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides. Koppert is the pioneer in the development of predatory mite solutions, starting in 1967 with the rearing

Citrus mealybug

effect is a reduction of photosynthesis and therefore the yield. Flowers and fruit often drop off. Plant sap is rich in sugars, but low in proteins. In order [...] photosynthesis in the leaves also reduces flower and fruit production. In ornamental crops, the mere presence of mealybugs is sufficient to render the product [...] length. They produce little wax, so that the light yellow to pink body is visible through its waxy covering. There is often a darker longitudinal stripe

Early blight

concentric rings that are caused by sporulation. Species may differ in specific symptoms. Damage symptoms Alternaria solani causes small green to dark brown [...] General The only known stage in all Alternaria species is the asexual stage. Conidia and mycelium overwinter in the soil and on crop residues and cause [...] of leaves, Alternaria solani can spread to the flowers (especially dangerous in crops for seed production) and to the crown. Sporulation of Alternaria occurs

Loose smut of barley

Infection mostly occurs before pollination and within one to two days after pollination. Damage symptoms Infection by Ustilago nuda f. sp. hordei r emains [...] olive-brown smut spores. Solution Finder Find solutions for your crop Damage symptoms How to prevent Loose smut of barley Use clean seed: Apply systemic fungicide [...] hordei affects barley and can destroy a large proportion of the crop. It is also known as barley smut, or loose smut of barley. Life cycle and appearance

Tomato leafminer

place in the soil or on the surface of a leaf, in a curled leaf or in a mine. If they leave the mines they build silk cocoons on the leaflets or in the soil [...] own tomatoes, belongs to the family of Gelechiidae . It is oligophagous, feeding mainly on Solanaceae species . The main host is tomato but it also feeds [...] nigrum. Damage symptoms The most distinctive symptoms of damage done by the tomato leaf miner ( Tuta absoluta) are the blotch-shaped mines in the leaves

Black bean aphid

range of other crops. Damage symptoms Economic damage by black bean aphid is mainly due to direct feeding damage. Indirect damage is caused through the [...] black bean aphid, Aphis fabae , is widespread in temperate regions, where it is a serious economic pest of beans. It is highly polyphagous, and attacks [...] reduce yield. Plant sap is rich in sugars, but has a low protein content. Aphids therefore need to extract large quantities of sap to get sufficient protein

Protected vegetables

(IPM) in vegetable cultivation Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a comprehensive and sustainable approach to pest and disease management that has re [...] easier for growers to comply with legal requirements. Common pests in vegetable crops Vegetable pests can inflict serious damage in terms of plant growth [...] these vegetable pests is an important step into understanding how to control them. Go to pest overview Biological pest control in vegetable crops Vegetable

Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot

secondary pathogen in plants that are infected by other pathogens. The bacteria that causes black leg in potato is a different subspecies. How to prevent Bacterial [...] carotovora . It is one of the pectolytic bacteria causing extensive bacterial rots (bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot). Damage symptoms In tomato, Erwinia [...] carovora is very common, but does not often reach epidemic population densities. It can survive as epiphytic bacteria on various plants or in the soil in low