• Diamond back moth

  most cases, die. On rapeseed, larvae also feed on flower buds, flowers and young seed pods, causing loss of pods and seeds. Life cycle and appearance of Diamond [...] small groups of two or ten eggs on both the upper and lower surface of leaves, preferentially in depressions, and rarely on stems or petioles. There are four [...] larvae feed also on the chlorophyll-rich green areas of stems and pods causing whitening of the crop. Heavily damaged plants appear stunted and will, in most

• Cactus mealybug

  found on crowns, roots. and flowers. Depending on the host plant species, infestations with cactus mealybug cause discoloration of the plants and later [...] mealybug are yellow-brown and not yet covered with wax. They are actively mobile and known as ‘crawlers’. From the second instar on, they are covered with [...] nymph, on the other hand, moults into a third instar, and then into the adult female without a complete metamorphosis. Third instar nymphs and adult females

• Olive scale

  pest of citrus and olives and occurs widely in tropical regions and in greenhouses throughout the world. It is a severe pest in coffee and citrus. Many [...] plant and can cause wilting, desiccation of tissues and dieback. Life cycle and appearance of Olive scale Young females are oval, 3-6 mm long and almost [...] causing build-up of sticky deposits on nearby surfaces. The honeydew may attract attendant ants and sooty moulds grow on the sugary deposits. Removal of large

• Silver-Y moth

  symptoms The larvae feed on leaves, causing typical caterpillar damage. Feeding damage includes feeding on the leaf epidermis and on the petiole, skeletonized [...] ) feeds on plants of 14 families and is sometimes also encountered in greenhouse crops such as sweet pepper, lettuce, beans, chrysanthemums and various [...] skeletonized leaves, accumulation of frass and destruction of growing points. Life cycle and appearance of Silver-Y moth The forewings of the silver-Y moth (

• Cutworms

  black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon and the turnip moth Agrotis segetum . The larvae of these moths usually feed on roots and plant parts close to the ground [...] because of partial cutting. A larva often cuts one plant and quickly moves on to other plants and continues cutting. Therefore, relatively small populations [...] or in batches on the ground, or on the plant close to ground level. The larvae are yellowish when hatching with a dark head capsule and prothoracic shield

• Bruchid Beetle Trap

  lining up the slots Application Place trap on a 1 metre stick Place one trap on the north edge and one trap on the south edge of the field Dosage Two traps [...] which attracts the male and female weevils into the trap. Once in the trap, they cannot escape and are easy to detect, count and identify. Presentation [...] vegetative growth (depending on geographic location). Bruchid beetle traps are not reliable during the flowering period of field beans and may not be suitable for

• Hemp russet mite

  stems and petioles of the hemp plant and can cause stunting. When populations are large, the mites can also be found on the underside of leaves. This results [...] smaller leaf size and suppressed bud growth leading to a reduction in the number of buds and dwarfed buds. This damage can reduce yield and quality. Other [...] leaves and upward curling of leaf edges. Life cycle and appearance of Hemp russet mite All life stages of the hemp russet mite are extremely small and difficult

• Oleander aphid

  Apocynaceae and Asclepiadaceae. It is commonly found feeding on oleander and milkweeds ( Asclepias sp.). The oleander aphid is cosmopolitan, and can be found [...] due to the large amounts of sticky honeydew produced and the resulting black sooty mould that grows on the honeydew. Growing tips can be deformed. Repeated [...] Life cycle and appearance of Oleander aphid The oleander aphid is an obligate parthenogenetic species; thus the adult aphids are all female and males do

• Flies

  depends on the species of the flies. Direct damage is the immediate result of larvae feeding on root hairs and tender roots as well as stem and leaf tissue [...] Frass deposited on leaves or flowers in ornamental crops, lettuce, and herbs also causes cosmetic damage, and sometimes this can occur on such a scale that [...] in greenhouse and field crops, where they disturb plant growth, spread diseases and affect crop hygiene. Their larvae can damage roots and growing media

• Southern European marshland pyralid

  eggs, overlapping in a tile-like fashion on both the upper and lower surface of leaves close to the veins, or low on the stem or stalk close to the ground [...] damp, humid places and are thus mainly found low in the crop, often in decaying organic material on the ground or substrate. They feed on detritus as well [...] well as life materials. Young larvae feed on the leaves and flowers before they bore and burrow into the stem to emerge at ground level. The caterpillars