• Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot

  subsp. carotovora or Pectobacterium carovora causes bacterial stem rot as well as soft rot. Stem rot is first noticed when plants wilt at the time of first [...] common, but does not often reach epidemic population densities. It can survive as epiphytic bacteria on various plants or in the soil in low densities. It has [...] carotovora subsp. carotovora or Pectobacterium carovora can also be found as secondary pathogen in plants that are infected by other pathogens. The bacteria

• Dwarf bunt

  cause the smut disease TCK smut in soft white and hard red winter wheats, as well as dwarf bunt. Damage symptoms Tilletia controversa causes (bunted) heads [...] The soil-borne teliospores may survive in soil without suitable host for as long as ten years. Seed-borne transmission does occur, but is less important from [...] laevis Life cycle and appearance of Dwarf bunt Tilletia controversa survives as teliospores in the soil or on seed. The soil-borne teliospores are the main

• V10

  crop cycle Timing Apply V10 to newly planted tomato crops, preferably as soon as possible and before the first flowers start to open at the latest. Storage

• Fusarium head blight or scab

  and stem rot, leaf lesions, fruit rot, fusarium head blight in cereals, such as wheat (fusarium head blight wheat) and post-harvest decay. Life cycle and [...] overwinters for many years in the soil and on crop residues of infected plants as chlamydospores (thick walled mycelium cells) or mycelium. Survival is also [...] tools and machinery. Primary infection is either seed-borne or takes place as infection of the roots at the root tip or in small wounds, for example where

• Angular leaf spot

  film when it dries. Lesions may merge as they grow and later also become visible on the upper side of the leaf as irregular spots which are first reddish [...] propagation material and disease-free seed Remove sources of inoculum such as dead leaves In field-grown tomato and pepper, rotate fields to prevent infection

• Early blight

  Infection may take place within a few hours, with lesions occurring as rapidly as two to three days later and sporulation within five days. Infection is [...] causes early blight of potato and early blight of tomato, which presents itself as spots on leaves, petals and stems. These spots can be distinguished by the

• Loose smut of barley

  affects barley and can destroy a large proportion of the crop. It is also known as barley smut, or loose smut of barley. Damage symptoms Infection by Ustilago [...] During maturation of the seed, the mycelium becomes thick-walled and swollen as a dormant survival structure. Infection mostly occurs before pollination and

• Loose smut of wheat

  tritici is a basidiomyceteous fungus that affects wheat. It is also known as loose wheat smut, or loose smut of wheat. Damage symptoms Infection by Ustilago [...] During maturation of the seed, the mycelium becomes thick-walled and swollen as a dormant survival structure. Infection mostly occurs before pollination and

• Grey mould

  like bulbs and crop residues or as sclerotia (drought- and cold-resistant structures) in the soil. Damage symptoms As the name suggests, grey mould’s ( [...] compounds that kill the plant cells and then uses the content of the plant cells as nutrients. On the infected area, new spores are formed within a few days.

• Cottony soft rot

  General Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, also known as cottony soft root, is a plant pathogenic fungus. It has a very wide range of host plants. Damage symptoms [...] Cottony soft rot Cottony soft root ( Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ) overwinters as sclerotia and mycelium in dead and living plant material in or on the ground