often referred to as bronzing. When infestation is heavy, leaves can drop. Life cycle and appearance of European red mite The European red mite feeds mainly
leaves are covered with small droplets of black excrement from the thrips. Life cycle and appearance of Black tea thrips Adult black tea thrips are dark brown
honeydew, cottony cushion scale infestations are often attended by ants. Life cycle and appearance of Cottony cushion scale As with all scale insects, the
is eaten away. Infested fruits usually ripen prematurely and drop off. Life cycle and appearance of Codling moth The adults have a wing span of 15-22 mm
sheath. Small infestations on orchids cause extensive discolouration. Life cycle and appearance of Boisduval scale Females are white to light yellow, thin
grow on the sugary deposits. Badly fouled leaves may drop prematurely. Life cycle and appearance of Hemispherical scale An adult female of S. coffeae has
the plant and can cause wilting, desiccation of tissues and dieback. Life cycle and appearance of Olive scale Young females are oval, 3-6 mm long and
yellowing, leaf and shoot malformation or shrivelling and plant death. Life cycle and appearance of Oleander scale Adult oleander scales are a greyish,
may come from birds and rodents feeding on larvae and digging up turf. Life cycle and appearance of Crane flies Adult crane flies are large flies with females
with paler margins, on both surfaces of shaded leaves of the host plant. Life cycle and appearance of Circular scale Female nymphs and adults have flat to
