often referred to as bronzing. When infestation is heavy, leaves can drop. Life cycle and appearance of European red mite The European red mite feeds mainly
Repeated heavy infestation throughout the year can lead to stunted plant growth. Life cycle and appearance of Oleander aphid The oleander aphid is an obligate
leaves are covered with small droplets of black excrement from the thrips. Life cycle and appearance of Black tea thrips Adult black tea thrips are dark
honeydew, cottony cushion scale infestations are often attended by ants. Life cycle and appearance of Cottony cushion scale As with all scale insects,
beneath is eaten away. Infested fruits usually ripen prematurely and drop off. Life cycle and appearance of Codling moth The adults have a wing span of 15-22
the sheath. Small infestations on orchids cause extensive discolouration. Life cycle and appearance of Boisduval scale Females are white to light yellow
moulds grow on the sugary deposits. Badly fouled leaves may drop prematurely. Life cycle and appearance of Hemispherical scale An adult female of S. coffeae
debilitate the plant and can cause wilting, desiccation of tissues and dieback. Life cycle and appearance of Olive scale Young females are oval, 3-6 mm long and
to yellowing, leaf and shoot malformation or shrivelling and plant death. Life cycle and appearance of Oleander scale Adult oleander scales are a greyish
damage may come from birds and rodents feeding on larvae and digging up turf. Life cycle and appearance of Crane flies Adult crane flies are large flies with
