• Downy mildew of Cucurbits

  brown. On the underside of the leave fluffy growth appears which is first white and later turns grey-brown. This is actually the sporulation of the pathogens [...] For most downy mildews, the optimum temperature is around 15 o C and the closer the temperature is to this, the shorter the leaf wetness period that is [...] Inside the plant, the pathogens produce haustoria, small organs with which the pathogen can take up nutrients from the living plant cells. The pathogens

• Loose smut of barley

  until head emergence. The first sign of infection is the appearance of a smutted ear. Instead of normal tissue, the ear contains a mass of olive-brown smut [...] appearance of Loose smut of barley The seeds are infected during flowering and the infected seeds are the primary source of inoculum in the next crop. The fungus [...] survives inside the seed and when the seed germinates, the mycelium of the fungus grows upwards inside the plant into the growing tip and the seed primordia

• Pierce's disease of grapevine

  along the margin or the tip from early to midsummer. The necrotic area spreads over the leaf from the margin and is marked by a chlorotic band. In the beginning [...] In peach, the canopy of infected plants is compact and umbrella-like due to the shorter internodes. The foliage is denser and the leaves are a darker green [...] extends to the rest. Eventually, the whole root system is killed and the trees die. Life cycle and appearance of Pierce's disease of grapevine The bacteria

• Bacterial canker of tomato

  white with a brown centre. In potato, the disease usually only occurs in the second half of the season. The first symptoms are wilting of the lower leaves [...] leaves and subsequent expansion of the wilt upwards. Cutting the stem at the foot shows whitish ooze with bacteria in the case of C lavibacter infection, but [...] then growing into the vessels of the plant. Plant growth is inhibited and the plant wilts because the xylem vessels become blocked. The bacterium can survive

• Premium Quality, Around The World

  March 6, 2023

  customers with the best possible solutions. It’s a commitment that goes beyond product quality. After all, no matter where in the world the products are [...] alive and kicking is not exactly the easiest task in the world. That task becomes even more complex if a product in the Netherlands needs to arrive in, [...] facilities in the Netherlands, Slovakia, Mexico, Turkey, Spain, Brazil and the US ensure that the distance between Koppert’s live products and the growers is

• Optimal placement of bumblebee hives

  advisable to position the hives at a height of 20 – 60 cm above the ground on the south side of the path. This location ensures that the hives receive adequate [...] Correct placement of hives The right placement of bumblebee hives can significantly enhance the pollination efficiency of bumblebees. The following steps [...] sunlight, typically on the north side. If needed, the hives can be placed higher inside the crop, at a minimum height of 1.4 meters above the ground, particularly

• Black root rot of cucurbits

  black stripes. The disease is usually restricted to a few of the roots but in severe cases all roots may be infected. At the final stage of the disease, only [...] infection in this stage may kill the plants. In case of a less severe infection, the vines may wilt at a late stage of the crop, but when water supply is [...] spots with a dark demarcation line on cucumber roots. The lesions are slightly sunken and are mostly formed around the point of attachment of lateral roots

• A Growing Success at Welgro Produce

  January 13, 2022

  in need of modernisation, the three growers have demonstrated that they certainly have the know-how when it comes to growing a quality crop of cucumbers [...] to attack from a range of pests and diseases. The environment is constantly monitored by sensors which feed into a computer system. If the boiler breaks [...] Produce was featured in a recent episode of the RTE 1 television series ‘Ear to the Ground’ aired on Thursday 18 th November. During the RTE coverage David

• Treatment of bumblebee stings and allergies

  epinephrine into the thigh in the case of a sting. Tests and treatments are available at the Allergology department of the RdGG (Dr de Groot) at the Diakonessehuis [...] reaction against the injected venom develops. The response to a bumblebee sting can differ per incident. The stinger of a bumblebee or a wasp has no barbs [...] applied to the site. In addition, a number of anti-itch ointments are available (e.g. containing diethyl-m-toluamide). In the rare case of a sting in the mouth

• Airobug – “the aerial application system”

  January 6, 2021

  glasshouse. The lateral distribution of the product can be increased by adjustment of the revolving dosage containers installed on either side of the Airobug [...] This was due to the new design and installation of the raised benches in the blocks”. “We have found the Airobug is able to distribute the beneficial insects [...] it’s a complete system. It is built around the Airobug which is the principle delivery system that runs on the overhead monorail rails systems in the glasshouse