Grey mould

fuckeliana / Botrytis cinerea ) is part of the foot rot complex, which causes rotting of the foot and may cause death of the plants. In cucumber and tomato [...] infection from infected parent plants. Life cycle and appearance of Grey mould Spores of grey mould ( Botryotinia fuckeliana / Botrytis cinerea ) need moisture [...] larger grey-brown lesions. The symptoms on fruits, flowers and on various parts of potted plants often only become visible during and after cold storage. In

Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot

when plants wilt at the time of first harvest or after that. The pith disintegrates and the stem becomes hollow. Because of the bacterial growth in the [...] carotovora has recently been renamed Pectobacterium carotovora . It is one of the pectolytic bacteria causing extensive bacterial rots (bacterial soft rot [...] becomes soft and lesion contents become liquid. Life cycle and appearance of Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora

Bacterial wilt, brown rot

very wide range of potential host plants. Damage symptoms In potato, field symptoms of Ralstonia solanacearum are wilting and yellowing of leaves and stunted [...] leaves are affected first. They show signs of wilting during the day which may disappear in the early stages of infection. Under conditions favourable for [...] l regions and is transferred by the introduction of propagation materials (seed potatoes, cuttings of ornamentals ) from warmer regions. Different races

Cottony soft rot

plant pathogenic fungus. It has a very wide range of host plants. Damage symptoms The first symptoms of a cottony soft root ( Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ) [...] Root infection often leads to premature wilting and death of plants. Life cycle and appearance of Cottony soft rot Cottony soft root ( Sclerotinia sclerotiorum [...] infection mostly take place at high soil water content over a prolonged period of time. The sclerotia germinate directly and form mycelium or produce apothecia

Fit roots for plant health Technical bulletin 2020 EN

Unfortunately, growth and condition of roots are usually poorly visible. That restricts growers to learn about the effects of their actions and growing conditions [...] supply of calcium and to facilitate the formation of robust cell walls. Roots and the energy balance Evaporation is by far the most effective cooling [...] cooling mechanism of the plant. That is why the functioning of the roots is directly related to the plant’s energy balance. The temperature of the irrigation

Crazy roots, hairy roots, crown gall

vegetative growth occurs. Life cycle and appearance of Crazy roots, hairy roots, crown gall The primary source of infection by Rhizobium rhizogenes has not yet [...] bacteria that fix nitrogen after becoming established inside root nodules of legumes. Additionally, pathogenic Agrobacterium s pecies have recently been [...] vitis, Agrobacterium rhizogenes and Agrobacterium rubi, n ow the first part of the name is changed to Rhizobium. Rhizobium rhizogenes or Rhizobium radiobacter

Oak processionary moth

ea ), is a major pest of oak in many European countries. The common and scientific names of this moth refer to the behaviour of the larvae to form long [...] and also in parts of the Middle East. Damage symptoms The nests of caterpillars on infested trees are clearly visible. The larvae of the oak processionary [...] building silken nests at the base of lower branches, on the trunks or at the base of the trunks, which may contain thousands of individuals. The larvae usually

Leek moth

cream-coloured, silk cocoon made of characteristic meshes spun on the surface of the leaves or on the flower-stalk of the host plant. The pupa is 7-8 mm [...] with a wing span of 15-16 mm. Their general colour is grey-brown with a typical white triangle in the middle of the posterior edge of the forewings. The [...] found in some Asian countries and has been introduced to parts of Canada. The larvae of Acrolepiopsis assectella feed on cultivated Allium species, primarily

Cutworms

usually observed as a cutting of young seedlings, often causing death of the cut seedlings. Sometimes wilting is observed because of partial cutting. A larva [...] segetum . The larvae of these moths usually feed on roots and plant parts close to the ground, thereby often cutting the stems of young plants. This is [...] continues cutting. Therefore, relatively small populations of cutworms can destroy entire stands of crops, such as cotton or maize. As plants become larger

Oleander aphid

the origin of its principal host plant, oleander. Damage symptoms The colonies of bright yellow aphids can easily be seen on the shoots of the host plants [...] eggs and that the progeny are clones of the adult female. The nymphs feed in colonies on the shoots at the top of the plant. Nymphs progress through five [...] but winged adults occur under conditions of overcrowding and when plants are senescing. The parthenogenetic mode of reproduction, high fecundity, and short