Fusarium wilt

General Fusarium is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species [...] weak pathogens and can only infect wounded or stressed host plants. Damage symptoms Fusarium fungi cause vascular wilt, root rot, foot and stem rot, leaf [...] structures, tools and machinery. Primary infection is either seed-borne or takes place as infection of the roots at the root tip or in small wounds, for

Downy mildew of Cucurbits

during propagation and maintaining a warm and dry climate in greenhouses. Use hygiene measures. Start clean, remove crop residues and prevent splashing [...] mildew are not fungi but Oomycetes and related to Pythium and Phytophthora. They survive as oospores. From these oospores or surviving mycelium sporangia are [...] Pseudoperonospora cubensis is a plant pathogen causing downy mildew on cucurbit crops like cucumber, cantaloupe, pumpkin, watermelon and squash. Damage symptoms

Cottony soft rot

in dead and living plant material in or on the ground. Sclerotia germinate at temperatures between 4 and 26 °C with an optimum between 13 and 15 °C. G [...] cottony soft root, is a plant pathogenic fungus. It has a very wide range of host plants. Damage symptoms The first symptoms of a cottony soft root ( S [...] wilting and death of plants. Life cycle and appearance of Cottony soft rot Cottony soft root ( Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ) overwinters as sclerotia and mycelium

Powdery mildew

meaning they feed on living plant cells and barely survive in the absence of a living crop. They survive as ascospores or perithecia, structures containing [...] mildew fungi and especially in greenhouse crops they don’t play a role in the epidemics. Fungal spores germinate on the leaf surface and the germ tubes [...] resistant cultivars whenever available Extra Silicon and/or Calcium nutrition hardens the cell walls and makes it harder for the fungi to enter the leaves

Cutworms

Life cycle and appearance of Cutworms The adults of Agrotis spp. have pale grey to grey-brown forewings with a faint kidney-shaped marking and a red spot [...] broad hindwings, evenly light or dark grey or orange-yellow with a broad dark marginal stripe. The wingspan is about 40-55 mm and the dorsal thorax is covered [...] separately or in batches on the ground, or on the plant close to ground level. The larvae are yellowish when hatching with a dark head capsule and prothoracic

Tomato leafminer

found outside the leaf mines or fruit. Pupation takes place in the soil or on the surface of a leaf, in a curled leaf or in a mine. If they leave the mines [...] leaflets or in the soil. When pupation occurs inside mines or fruits, the prepupae do not build cocoons. Pupae have a greenish coloration at first, and then [...] greenish with a black band behind the head. The prepupae of the tomato leaf miner ( Tuta absoluta ) are lighter than the feeding larvae and have a typical pink

Bean seed fly

eggs near the base of bean plants, and upon hatching, the larvae burrow into the soil and feed on the seeds and roots of young plants. Larvae mainly attack [...] feeding on emerged roots and cotyledons. Plants that survive are weak and less tolerant to subsequent attacks by other pests and plant pathogens. This feeding [...] emerge or show stunted growth compared to healthy plants. Damage to seeds: Darkened or damaged seeds, as bean seed fly larvae feed on seeds and can cause

Vidi Fortum

drench or drip at the base of the plant, around the roots or sprayed on the plant canopy. Application as drench or via the irrigation system: A separate [...] from 3-5 litres/ha Applications should be repeated a number of times Consult a Koppert advisor or a recognised distributor of Koppert products for advice [...] of bacteria and fungi, resulting in improved uptake and utilisation of nutrients by the plants. Plants can take up Vidi Fortum via leaves and roots. Pack

Tomato moth

adult tomato moths (Lacanobia oleracea) are a reddish-brown with a feint light brown, kidney-shaped marking, and a thin, toothed white line along the posterior [...] the hindwing is greyish and lighter than the forewing, with a darker shadow at the margin. The antennae are long and thin. Head and thorax are reddish-brown [...] laterally and dorsally. When about to pupate, the caterpillars seek a protected place just below the ground surface or under rockwool matting. A light, loose

Aphids

yellowing, or discoloration. They may also excrete a sugary substance called honeydew, which can attract other insects and lead to the growth of a black sooty [...] of aphids that have been described, and they can be found in a variety of habitats throughout the world. Aphids form a single, very large group of insects: [...] length. They have a pear-shaped body with long antennae and two tube-like structures called tubercles on their rear end. Color: Aphids can be a variety of colors