• Tomato leaf miner

  crop damage in many parts of the world, including North Africa, Europe and northern Asia. In warmer regions, the insect is found outdoors but in temperate [...] regions it only occurs in greenhouses. The tomato leaf miner has been found in greenhouses for decades, but has become a common pest since the 1960’s, particularly [...] particularly in sweet pepper, lettuce, melon, chrysanthemum and gerbera. Damage symptoms Leaf miners cause damage to plants both directly and indirectly.

• Tomato leafminer

  absoluta), a major pest of field- and greenhouse-grown tomatoes, belongs to the family of Gelechiidae . It is oligophagous, feeding mainly on Solanaceae [...] species . The main host is tomato but it also feeds on other solanaceous crop plants including potato, eggplant, capsicum pepper and tobacco as well as weeds [...] weeds such as Datura stramonium, Lycium chilense , and Solanum nigrum. Damage symptoms The most distinctive symptoms of damage done by the tomato leaf miner

• Tomato moth

  oleracea) is a particularly a pest in greenhouses but can also inflict damage on outdoor crops. It is a polyphagous species feeding on plants of 14 families [...] crop species such a tomato, sweet pepper, lettuce, brassicas, cucumber, cut flowers (particularly chrysanthemums), apple as well as perennial and woody [...] woody shrubs and trees. The tomato moth ( Lacanobia oleracea) is found throughout Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, temperate North Asia and Central Asia

• Tomato looper

  twin-spot moth or tomato looper ( Chrysodeixis chalcites ) belongs to the family of Noctuidae . It is a tropical and subtropical species originating in the Me [...] and northern Africa. The larva is highly polyphagous and feeds on plants of over 20 families, among them crops such as cauliflower, corn, crucifer, soybean [...] geranium. An annual migrant from southern Europe, the golden twin-spot moth ( Chrysodeixis chalcites ) spreads to several northerly countries and is now one

• Crane flies

  General The larvae of crane flies , called leatherjackets, live in the soil and feed on roots and shoots (which they pull into the ground of mainly grasses [...] adults do not cause any damage. Damage symptoms Larval feeding causes brown spots in grasslands, turf and cereal fields. Exit holes of the burrows of the [...] might also be visible. Secondary damage may come from birds and rodents feeding on larvae and digging up turf. Life cycle and appearance of Crane flies

• European red mite

  General As the name implies, the European red mite, Panonychus ulmi , is mainly a pest of fruit trees (apple, pear, plum and cherry). However, it can attack [...] attack a large scale of other woody plants and is occasionally a problem on roses and other ornamentals of the family Rosaceae grown in greenhouses. It originates [...] originates from Europe (as can be seen from the common name, European red mite) but is now distributed in all important apple growing areas of the world. Damage

• Spider mites and other mites

  Biological control of spider mites and other mites Spider mites and other mite species can rapidly infest greenhouse and field crops, feeding on plant cells and [...] Biological control of spider mites and other mites uses a range of natural enemies that target different developmental stages of the pest: Predatory mites [...] foundation of control by feeding on spider mite eggs, larvae, nymphs and adults. Predatory bugs and gall midges complement this activity by seeking out

• False spider mites

  General Mites of the family Tenuipalpidae have a worldwide distribution and can be found on many cultivated plants. Several species have been reported [...] reported, especially by growers of greenhouse ornamentals . Tenuipalpidae are known as false spider mites because they closely resemble spider mites (family T [...] Tetranychidae ) or as flat mites because their body is rather flat compared to other mites. Most species that cause damage to cultivated plants belong to the genera

• Greenhouse whitefly

  General The greenhouse whitefly ( Trialeurodes vaporariorum ) is one of the major pests of vegetable and ornamental crops in greenhouses throughout the world [...] greenhouse whitefly ( Trialeurodes vaporariorum ) originally comes from tropical and subtropical America, probably Brazil or Mexico. Hundreds of plant species [...] species from different families serve as suitable hosts for this whitefly. It occurs on many crops, including aubergine, beans, cucumber, sweet pepper, tomato

• Onion thrips

  tabaci) is distributed throughout the world. It is found outdoors on many plants and particularly damaging on onions, leek, and in greenhouses on cucurbits [...] Thrips cause damage to plants by piercing the cells of the surface tissues and sucking out their contents, causing the surrounding tissue to die. The resulting [...] silver-grey patches on leaves and the black dots of their excreta indicate their presence in the crop. The vigour of the plant is reduced by loss of chlorophyll