Thrips

often found on the undersides of leaves, where they feed on plant sap. Damage: Thrips can cause damage to leaves, flowers, and fruits by feeding on plant tissue [...] adults feed on all aerial parts of the plant and are fairly mobile. Immediately after hatching, the larvae begin to feed on plant tissue on the underside [...] variety of colors, depending on the species. Most of them are brown or black. Some species may have distinctive markings or stripes on their bodies or wings.

Flies

indirectly. The type of damage depends on the species of the flies. Direct damage is the immediate result of larvae feeding on root hairs and tender roots as well [...] Frass deposited on leaves or flowers in ornamental crops, lettuce, and herbs also causes cosmetic damage, and sometimes this can occur on such a scale that [...] ) and Ephydridae (shore flies). The larvae of these insects generally live on rotting plant material and are mostly found in the soil. The spotted wing

Onion thrips

throughout the world. It is found outdoors on many plants and particularly damaging on onions, leek, and in greenhouses on cucurbits, tomato, sweet pepper, eggplant [...] the adult depends on the food source. Onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) usually pupate in the ground, although pupae can also be found on leaves, in flowers [...] causing the surrounding tissue to die. The resulting silver-grey patches on leaves and the black dots of their excreta indicate their presence in the

Apple rosy aphid

malformed and ripen prematurely. Feeding of aphids directly on fruits causes reddish blotches on the skin. Life cycle and appearance of Rosy apple aphid Aphids [...] Dysaphis plantaginea lays eggs in autumn in bark crevices on spurs and smaller branches, and on the base of buds of apple trees. The eggs hatch in spring [...] present on the trees. Winged aphids are produced in June or July. They move to plantain trees ( Plantago spp. ), the summer host. However, breeding on apple

Boisduval scale

presence of the scales on upper and lower leaf surfaces, fruits, and stems of plants. On palms, Boisduval scales are normally found on the leaves and stems [...] the portion of the petiole that is covered by the sheath. Small infestations on orchids cause extensive discolouration. Life cycle and appearance of Boisduval [...] usually after a few hours The development from egg to the adult stage takes on average 33 days for males, and 50 days for females.

Shore fly

vicinity of water. They feed on algae. Other shore fly species have diverse feeding habits but the larvae of most species feed on rotting material. Shore flies [...] feed on green algae. However, they can transmit plant diseases and can be a nuisance to greenhouse works by their sheer numbers. Frass deposited on leaves [...] lettuce and herbs also causes cosmetic damage, and sometimes this can occur on such a scale that growth, particularly of young cuttings, can be retarded

Two-spotted spider mite

colour of the adults often depends on the crop in which they occur (e.g. on cucumbers they are often yellow-brown, on tomatoes they are mainly red-brown) [...] large dark spots on their body. Movement: Spider mites are slow-moving and tend to cluster on the undersides of leaves, where they feed on plant sap. They [...] nymphs and adults cause damage to the host plant by feeding on plant sap. They mainly occur on the underside of leaves where they pierce the cells and suck

Click beetles

Their larvae are called wireworms and feed on the roots of many plants. Damage symptoms The click beetles feed on the roots and bore into the base of plants [...] , with the head deeply retracted into the thorax. When disturbed they lie on their back feigning death and then suddenly propel themselves into the air [...] in the soil. They hatch about one month later and the larvae start to feed on roots. The larvae (‘wireworms’) are long, thin, cylindrical and though skinned

Tobacco whitefly

Aleyrodidae , and the sub-family Aleyrodinae . This insect was first identified on tobacco in Greece in 1889, hence the name tabaci . It has subsequently been [...] although strictly spoken this is not true) and adult. The larvae are found on the underside of young leaves and have an oval shape. The first instar larvae [...] (crawlers) are mobile, whereas the rest of the larvae stadia remain flattened on the leaf. The fourth larva stadium develops into a yellow, almost circular

Pepper weevil

the Solanaceae family, especially the Capsicum genus (peppers); they feed on this fruit, lay eggs, and complete their lifecycle. They must be carefully [...] monitored, given their ability to cause huge damage. When they are already present on the crop, the best approach is to monitor them during the cooler parts of [...] and calyx to turn yellow before wilting and dropping off. When you see fruit on the ground, it is clear that the crop has been very severely damaged. Lifecycle