• Aphidend

  70%) to get the best results. Combined use High densities of generalist predatory mites , especially Amblyseius swirskii , can be detrimental to Aphidend [...] Pests All species/stages of aphids . Mode of action Adult gall midges emerge from the pupae and deposit their eggs in the aphid colonies. After emerging [...] bottle and spread Dosage The dosage of Aphidend depends on climate, crop and aphid density and should always be adjusted to the particular situation. Start

• Cotton aphid

  Aphids therefore need to extract large quantities of sap to get sufficient protein. The excess sugar is secreted in the form of honeydew, making the crop [...] temperature, food source and the density of the population. Large individuals (up to 1.8 mm long) are usually dark green to black, while aphids produced in o [...] from the plant and disturb the balance of growth hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or, if the infestation

• Bacterial spot

  resistant to copper-containing pesticides. How to prevent Bacterial spot Use clean propagation material and disease-free seed Remove sources of inoculum [...] fields to prevent infection from volunteer plants and crop debris Avoid waste piles in the vicinity of the greenhouse or field Resistant cultivars of pepper [...] leaves are also round and small to start with and slightly raised from the leaf surface. They occur on the abaxial (underside of) leaf surfaces and may enlarge

• Gummy stem blight

  tools and hands of workers. The ascospores are the main source of dispersal of disease upwards in the crop and the conidia for spread of the disease downwards [...] which can only be recognized from the outside by the small narrowing of the tip of the mature fruits. The symptoms on stems, leaves and inside the fruits [...] downwards. How to prevent Gummy stem blight Before cropping: Remove all crop debris and disinfect the greenhouse Choose a cultivar that is less susceptible

• Glume blotch

  water helps the fungus to reach the upper leaves and ears. Seed infection is enhanced by wet weather conditions during heading. How to prevent Glume blotch [...] Perithecia are also formed on dead glumes and stems. In case of severe infection , the heads of wheat become black and the kernels become shrivelled and deformed [...] germ tubes can infect the leaves of the plants directly or through stomata. The lesions become visible after five to seven days. On the lesions, new pycnidia

• Potato aphid

  Aphids therefore need to extract large quantities of sap to get sufficient protein. The excess sugar is secreted in the form of honeydew, making the crop [...] from the plant and disturb the balance of growth hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or, if the infestation [...] production. Life cycle and appearance of Potato aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour

• Cactus mealybug

  eventually die. Life cycle and appearance of Cactus mealybug Mealybugs get their name from the fact that the body of the females from the third nymphal instar [...] species, infestations with cactus mealybug cause discoloration of the plants and later necrosis of the tissue. Plant deformations can also occur. Heavily infested [...] white waxy material in the form of powder, threads, spiky projections or platelets. Eggs are laid in a sticky, foamy mass of wax threads, called an egg sac

• Angular leaf spot

  most important, but also all types of vascular tissue of the crown can be infected, creating a look similar to that of a Phytophthora fragariae infection [...] and form a secondary source of infection. They are dispersed by rain, irrigation water or handling of the plants. Infection of the plants happens both passively [...] diseased or stressed plants. How to prevent Angular leaf spot Use clean propagation material and disease-free seed Remove sources of inoculum such as dead leaves

• Early blight

  occur at the side of the stem. Life cycle and appearance of Early blight From the primary infection of leaves, Alternaria solani can spread to the flowers [...] infection of the leaves. Survival can be several years, up to eight years for several Alternaria spp. Typically, Alternaria causes early blight of potato [...] dangerous in crops for seed production) and to the crown. Sporulation of Alternaria occurs at temperatures from 2-4 °C up to 28-30 °C (optimum temperatures lie

• Fusarium wilt

  life cycle, is similar to that of most Fusarium species. Fusarium overwinters for many years in the soil and on crop residues of infected plants as chl [...] place as infection of the roots at the root tip or in small wounds, for example where lateral roots branch off from the tap root. How to prevent Fusarium [...] General Fusarium is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species are