Green peach aphid

persicae ) is an important insect pest in sweet pepper, tomato, cucumber and many other greenhouse crops. The aphid may originate from Asia, where its winter-hardy [...] occurs early enough in the season, the death of young plants. Retarded growth and defoliation reduce yield, Plant sap is rich in sugars, but has a low [...] market. At the same time, photosynthesis in the leaves is reduced, affecting production. The aphid’s saliva can induce strong “allergic” reactions such

Broad mite

the growing tip can be killed, plant growth stops and, in time, the whole plant dies off. Cork tissue can also develop on fruit. Where pierced cells are [...] General The broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) occurs in the tropics and in greenhouses in temperate regions. The broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) [...] Those living on plants can cause considerable damage to their host. Tarsonemids like the broad mite ( Polyphagotarsonemus latus ) can occur both on vegetable

Mushroom

large enough to be observed with the naked eye). They can appear either below ground (hypogeous) or above ground (epigeous) where they may be picked by hand [...] Edibility may be defined by criteria that include absence of poisonous effects on humans and desirable taste and aroma. Most mushrooms sold in supermarkets [...] Agaricus bisporus , is considered safe for most people to eat because it is grown in controlled, sterilized environments. Several varieties of A. bisporus are

Fusarium wilt

of the xylem vessels which can be seen when the stems are cut. In banana, whole plantations may die and the soil may not be suitable for planting for many [...] materials (seed can be treated effectively with hot water) Use clean substrate in greenhouse crops Disinfect tools, machinery and irrigation water in greenhouses [...] species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species are considered weak pathogens and can only infect wounded or stressed host

Predatory insects

Spidend ) can be used. Lacewings Lacewings are beneficial insects known for their voracious appetite for various pests, making them valuable in biocontrol [...] Predatory bugs are beneficial insects crucial for natural pest control in agriculture. Equipped with piercing mouthparts, they actively hunt and feed on various [...] these pests. Gall midges Gall midges play a beneficial role in natural pest control, particularly in controlling aphids and spider mites . Gall midges have

Pepper weevil

they fall to the ground or contain holes where eggs are laid or adults were hatched. Meanwhile, the larvae develop in flower buds and young fruit, causing [...] weevil Newly hatched adults have a light brown colour, with an oval body measuring 2 to 3.5 mm in length, and over time they turn grey, reddish-brown, or nearly [...] flower bud, they feed on immature pollen. In both cases, they begin to feed one to four hours after hatching. In total, the larva passes through three larval

Pine processionary moth

bluish-grey to black. Pupation takes place in the soil in an oval, ochreous-white silken cocoon. The pupae are about 20 mm in length, oval, and of a pale brown [...] arranged in pairs. The integument and hairs that clothe the body vary considerably with different provenances. In general, the integument is darker in colder [...] altitude or in northern latitudes. Development lasts 6 months under the most favourable conditions, but the fourth and fifth instars may be prolonged in the winter

Macrocheles robustulus

pupae, nematodes and other soil living pests, which can be found in high numbers in greenhouses in soil which has been enriched with compost. As natural [...] a species of predatory mite known for its role in biological pest control , particularly in agricultural and horticultural settings. Macrocheles robustulus [...] 3 x 0.2 mm in size and pearly white. Best conditions for use of Macrocheles robustulus For optimal results the soil has to be moist, rich in organic matter

Leaf stripe

Infected plants may be stunted and heads may be distorted and failing to emerge from the sheath. Ear length and the number of kernels may be reduced and kernels [...] neighbouring ears where they can infect seeds at any stage up until soft dough stage. Infection occurs between 10 and 33 °C. Infected seeds can look healthy [...] kernels may be brown. The symptoms do not always occur together. Life cycle and appearance of Leaf stripe Pyrenophora graminea is monocyclic, which means

Box tree moth

trees, but can also attack the bark of the trees, causing them to dry out and die. Damage on a box-tree most often starts in the lower part, where the oldest [...] originates in the temperate and sub-tropical regions of East Asia (Japan, Korea, China). The box tree moth ( Cydalima perspectalis ) is an oligophagous [...] Cydalima perspectalis ) has an obligate diapause of six or eight weeks. Depending on day length they may enter diapause in the fourth or fifth instar.