• Rose aphid

  presence in the crop. Wingless females of the rose aphid are 1.7-3.6 mm long and green or deep pink to red-brown. The antennae and sometimes the head is dark [...] dark in colour. The siphunculi are black and bent outwards. The rose aphid usually overwinters on rose bushes in the egg stage, although in mild winter [...] rose aphids retard the growth of buds and new shoots. Foliage and flowers are often disfigured and contaminated with sticky honeydew on which black sooty

• Cryptolaemus montrouzieri

  and feed on mealybug nymphs and adults. Pupal stage: Larvae pupate in various places, on any convenient stalk or on the underside of leaves or on even greenhouse [...] beetle species preys primarily on mealybugs , including species such as the citrus mealybug and the long-tailed mealybug . The predatory beetle Cryptolaemus [...] for mealybug control The predatory beetle Cryptolaemus montrouzieri is a species of beetle belonging to the family Coccinellidae. The beneficial insect is

• Pine processionary moth

  mating, the females oviposit on the nearest pines. The eggs are laid in cylindrical masses around pairs of needles; most eggs masses are laid on the peripheral [...] but also during the following summer because of the persistence of allergenic hairs in the remains of winter nests The larvae of the Pine processionary [...] mimics the pine shoots. The larvae develop through five instars and the full-grown caterpillar is about 40 mm in length. The head capsule is black. The body

• Horse-chestnut leaf miner

  in the firsts instar up to 3.5 mm in the fourth instar. The pupa is brown and is 2.9-4.5 mm long. The horse-chestnut leaf miner overwinters in the pupal [...] may lay up to 180 eggs singly on the upper part of the leaflets. Females of the second and third generations lay eggs on all leaflet surfaces. Larval [...] lower parenchyma. The mine starts to turn yellow and later brown. By this time, the damage is very visible. Eventually the mines may cover the entire surface

• Verticillium wilt

  brown stripes occur on the stem. In tomato, sometimes V-shaped lesions are formed on the leaf, between the veins. 'Early dying' disease of potato only [...] vessels. The presence of both the fungus and the gum causes the xylem vessels to get blocked, which in turn causes the plant to wilt. Spores may be wind-dispersed [...] wind-dispersed to new hosts. In the senescent tissue, the resting mycelium or the microsclerotia are formed. The spread of the fungus by mycelium growth is limited

• Goat moth

  spines on the abdominal segment. The moths fly at night in June or July and lay eggs on tree trunks in batches of up to 50. After the eggs hatch, the larvae [...] larvae bore into the bark and down to the sap wood. Development takes 3 or 4 years. The larvae feed on the wood most of the time hibernating in their galleries [...] from the bark of attacked trees. The larvae emit an unpleasant goat-like smell. Trees eventually die. Life cycle and appearance of Goat moth The wingspan

• Carnation tortrix

  for the damage it inflicts on carnations and strawberries. Damage symptoms The larvae of the carnation tortrix ( Cacoecimorpha pronubana ) feed on the [...] (with a dark brown band in the females and two red bands in the males) and the hindwings (bright orange) ensure that the moths of the species are easy to recognize [...] holes. Finally, at the third larval instar, the whole leaf is attacked and surrounded by a dense silken mass. The larvae hide inside the rolled leaves, growing

• Tree specialist Wolterinck: Control of oak processionary caterpillar with Entonem

  witnessed the effect of Koppert’s nematode product Entonem on the oak processionary caterpillar . ‘We’ve been using nematodes for years. The product is [...] Wolterinck BV in Beltrum, the Netherlands, is a specialist in tree care and weed control and works on behalf of local authorities and governmental bodies [...] is our preferred method over products based on Bacillus thuringiensis , which can only be used on trees with leaves. Nematodes are a better solution for

• Macrocheles robustulus

  before use Spread material evenly on soil or planting medium (not on the plastic) The dosage of Macro-Mite depends on climate, crop, planting medium and [...] robustulus is used for the control of the following pests: Sciarid flies (fungus gnats) Thrips Lyprauta larvae The predatory mites feed on larvae of sciarid [...] flies , thrips pupae and other soil-dwelling insects. The mites appear in and on the soil and at the base of plant stems. Feeding behaviour of Macrocheles

• Chrysoperla carnea

  sheltering under the plant or the rim of the pot, during daylight hours. The larvae grasp their prey from below and lift them in their jaws. The prey is injected [...] populations. The larvae of green lacewings are particularly effective predators. The green lacewing Chrysoperla carnea is used for the control of the following [...] larvae search for prey randomly on the plant. Their efficiency is seriously impaired by the presence of leaf hairs. The larvae are not easily observed and