• Horse-chestnut leaf miner

  miner damage leaves by feeding between the upper and lower parenchyma. The mine starts to turn yellow and later brown. By this time, the damage is very visible [...] defoliated, year after year. Life cycle and appearance of Horse-chestnut leaf miner The adult moth is 4-5 mm long and a rich brown colour with bright white [...] (occasionally five instars) and their size varies form 0.5 mm in the firsts instar up to 3.5 mm in the fourth instar. The pupa is brown and is 2.9-4.5 mm long.

• Black vine weevil

  crops (e.g. rhododendron, cyclamen and azalea), as well as in strawberries and other fruit crops in both temperate and sub-tropical regions. It belongs to [...] rhizomes and stem bases of plants. Larvae can also feed above ground within the stems of the plants. Both adult beetles and larvae are polyphagous and feed [...] during the day they hide, and can often be found between the inside of a plant pot and its contents, under lumps of e, in vegetation and under planks etc . In

• Garden chafer

  feeds on roots of grasses and clover. The adults feed on the leaves of trees like oak, hazelnut and birch and on the flowers and developing fruits of, for [...] brown heads and whitish bodies, and normally lie in a characteristic 'C-shaped' position. They possess three pairs of legs, of which the middle and hind pairs [...] larvae move into corms, rhizomes and stem bases of plants. Larvae can also feed above ground within stems of plants and on strawberry fruits lying on the

• Green peach aphid

  least 100 different viruses and is thus rightfully feared by many growers. Nymphs and adults extract nutrients from the plant and disturb the balance of growth [...] making the crop and its fruit sticky. Black fungal moulds ( Cladosporium spp.) grow on this honeydew, contaminating fruit and ornamental crops and rendering [...] tips. Life cycle and appearance of green peach aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety

• Glasshouse potato aphid

  potato aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. When reproduction is asexual, the [...] squat, of medium size (1.8 - 3.0 mm long) and oval in shape. It has a light yellow-green to brown-green colour, and has an overall shiny appearance. Antennae [...] anholocyclic (no eggs are laid) and holocyclic (winter eggs are produced) lifecycles. There is no alternation of hosts, and the two types of life cycles occur

• Leafhoppers

  leaves, stems and fruits, causing serious damage to greenhouse and field crops. Their feeding reduces photosynthesis, weakens plants and directly affects [...] affects yield and quality. Effective caterpillar control is therefore essential for maintaining healthy and productive crops. Biological control of caterpillars [...] detection and mass trapping of adult moths, while beneficial nematodes target caterpillar larvae. Sticky traps help monitor pest activity and reduce flying

• Flies

  in greenhouse and field crops, where they disturb plant growth, spread diseases and affect crop hygiene. Their larvae can damage roots and growing media [...] maintain healthy and high-quality crops. Biological control of flies combines targeted monitoring and natural enemies that reduce both larval and adult populations: [...] traps, lures, and attractants Insect traps Sticky traps Beneficial nematodes and predatory mites target fly larvae in the soil, while traps and attractants

• Caterpillars

  leaves, stems and fruits, causing serious damage to greenhouse and field crops. Their feeding reduces photosynthesis, weakens plants and directly affects [...] on leaves and young shoots, and their enormous feeding capacity can rapidly decimate a plant. Very small caterpillars are not able to chew and therefore [...] affects yield and quality. Effective caterpillar control is therefore essential for maintaining healthy and productive crops. Biological control of caterpillars

• Beetles

  damage Both larvae and adults of beetles can cause damage to crops. The larvae of some species feed on growing tips and roots or chew and bore into stems [...] serious damage in many greenhouse and field crops by feeding on leaves, roots, or fruits, leading to reduced growth and yield loss. Effective beetle control [...] traps Beneficial nematodes actively seek out and eliminate beetle larvae in the soil, while traps help monitor and reduce adult beetle populations. With Koppert’s

• Aphids

  on stems, buds, flowers and fruit. Damage: Aphids can cause damage to leaves, stems, and flowers by piercing the plant tissue and sucking out the sap. This [...] remain unchanged and unsorted. The young aphids are born as developed nymphs and begin to feed instantly on plant sap. They grow rapidly and moult four times [...] hygiene Keep the growing area clean and free from weeds, debris, and plant residues that can harbor aphids. Regularly remove and dispose of any infested plant