• Black vine weevil

  a pest in many ornamental crops (e.g. rhododendron, cyclamen and azalea), as well as in strawberries and other fruit crops in both temperate and sub-tropical [...] they hide, and can often be found between the inside of a plant pot and its contents, under lumps of e, in vegetation and under planks etc . In temperate [...] larvae pupate in spring in the soil. The depth where the pupae can be found varies between 2 and 20 cm. Pupae are white to cream coloured and 7 - 10 mm long

• Sciarid flies

  plant material and on algae and fungi present in the soil. They, however, can also feed on root hairs, rootlets, and tender root, stem and leaf tissue. Later [...] yellowish white in colour. They are laid on the ground surface close to plant roots. The larvae can grow to 5 to 12 mm in length and 0.5 to 1.5 mm in diameter [...] enormous damage. Sciarid flies are usually found in damp, humid environments, and appear very commonly in greenhouses throughout the world. Although they

• Flies

  soft fruits in Europe and North America. Sciarid flies and shore flies are mainly a problem in greenhouses. Their larvae live in the ground and prefer moist [...] problem in greenhouse and field crops, where they disturb plant growth, spread diseases and affect crop hygiene. Their larvae can damage roots and growing [...] traps, lures, and attractants Insect traps Sticky traps Beneficial nematodes and predatory mites target fly larvae in the soil, while traps and attractants

• Codling moth

  generation overwinter and pupate in spring. Larvae still in the apples at harvest can often be found in cracks in apple boxes or other places in the store. [...] notorious, worldwide pest of apple and also occasionally of pear, quince, peach and other fruits. It is very common in Europe. Damage symptoms After invading [...] mm long, initially whitish and later pale pinkish white, with a brown head and a pale anal plate. The pupa is 8-10 mm long and yellowish brown to dark brown

• Shallot aphid

  ing and there is no sexual stage in the life cycle. No eggs are produced. Myzus ascalonicus is cold hardy and overwinters in sheltered places and greenhouses [...] strawberries, lettuce, brassicas and potatoes and many ornamentals . The shallot aphid is cosmopolitan and widely spread in Europe. Damage symptoms Feeding [...] growth starts in spring. Petioles are shortened and leaves curled and twisted. Blossom trusses are also affected, fruits remain small and yield is reduced

• Black bean aphid

  complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. In greenhouses, reproduction takes place by parthenogenesis [...] occurs early enough in the season, the death of young plants. Retarded growth and defoliation reduce yield. Plant sap is rich in sugars, but has a low [...] sugar is secreted in the form of honeydew, making the crop and its fruit sticky. Black moulds grow on this honeydew, contaminating fruit and ornamental crops

• Tobacco whitefly

  retarded. In full sunlight, leaves can wilt and fall. Such leaf damage can in turn influence the development of fruit and lead to a reduction in yield. The [...] damage, including irregular ripening in tomatoes and sweet peppers, yellowing of the flower stalks in gerbera, and serious yellowing of the leaves of French [...] belongs to the family Aleyrodidae , and the sub-family Aleyrodinae . This insect was first identified on tobacco in Greece in 1889, hence the name tabaci . It

• Green peach aphid

  cycle and appearance of green peach aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour [...] least 100 different viruses and is thus rightfully feared by many growers. Nymphs and adults extract nutrients from the plant and disturb the balance of growth [...] occurs early enough in the season, the death of young plants. Retarded growth and defoliation reduce yield, Plant sap is rich in sugars, but has a low

• Pear psylla

  of pear in central Europe and can inflict serious damage in pear orchards. Damage symptoms Pear psylla feeding leads to growth inhibition and malformation [...] spring and start to feed on young leaves and flowers. Eggs are deposited in crevices of the bark of twigs and hatch after about 3 weeks. There are 5 nymphal [...] leaves and fruits. Heavy infestations can cause premature leaf fall and fruit drop. Flowers attacked by first generation nymphs turn brown and die. Feeding

• Diamond back moth

  They often stick to leaves and frequently hide in crevices near the bud. In cauliflower and broccoli, pupation may occur in the florets. Initially, the [...] flower buds, flowers and young seed pods, causing loss of pods and seeds. Life cycle and appearance of Diamond back moth The oval and flattened eggs of the [...] chlorophyll-rich green areas of stems and pods causing whitening of the crop. Heavily damaged plants appear stunted and will, in most cases, die. On rapeseed,