Dwarf bunt

teliospores in the soil or on seed. The soil-borne teliospores are the main source of primary infection. The soil-borne teliospores may survive in soil without [...] long as ten years. Seed-borne transmission does occur, but is less important from an epidemiological point of view. The teliospores germinate in response [...] y, these teliospores contaminate healthy kernels, which in turn become a source of disease in the next season. The optimum temperature for germination

Brown soft scale

soft scale Coccus hesperidum is very common in tropical and sub-tropical regions and is also a common pest in greenhouses throughout the world. C. hesperidum [...] may appear that they bear live young, but in fact the first instar nymph emerges from the egg under the mother’s scale. The pink crawlers are active for [...] is often attended by ants. The ants will clean and protect the coccids and in turn benefit from a rich food source. The honeydew also quickly becomes infected

Boisduval scale

three species of Diaspi s are very similar in their appearance and damage symptoms. Here, the Boisduval scale is described in more detail, as it is the [...] Boisduval scale, Diaspis boisduvalii , occurs throughout the tropics, and in greenhouses in more temperate climates. It is very polyphagous and can be a pest of [...] saliva injected while feeding causes necrosis of tissue at the feeding site. In orchids, this scale tends to prefer the leaf midrib and the portion of the

Municipality Doetinchem: Entonem nematodes managing oak processionary caterpillar

biodiversity in the centre, and public opinion is quite sensitive to spraying here. We worked in consultation with distributor Mertens and decided that in spring [...] There are many oak trees in the forests and plantations around Doetinchem. Marc van Rijswijk is the spokesman for Buha, the implementing organization for [...] management. Buha manages some 9000 solitary oak trees withing this municipality. In 2020 the level of infestation with the oak processionary caterpillar within

Bugs

solutions help monitor, attract and eliminate harmful bugs in different crop stages. With Koppert’s biological solutions for bugs, professional growers can [...] bug control Learn more about What are bugs? Heteropteran bugs form a group in the order Hemiptera , a highly diverse group of insects, containing both harmful [...] beetles , which have hard, leathery forewings that meet, but do not overlap, in the dorsal midline. Some bugs produce a pungent odour. Heteropteran bugs are

Black bean aphid

hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or, if the infestation occurs early enough in the season, the death of young [...] cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. In greenhouses, reproduction takes place by parthenogenesis, with unfertilized [...] General The black bean aphid, Aphis fabae , is widespread in temperate regions, where it is a serious economic pest of beans. It is highly polyphagous

Oak processionary moth

individuals. The larvae usually stay in their nests during the day leaving at night in a characteristic procession to feed in the canopy of the trees. If the [...] native to central and southern Europe but is now present in almost all European countries and also in parts of the Middle East. Damage symptoms The nests of [...] September. The eggs (with up to 300 eggs per batch) are laid in contiguous rows along one to two year old twigs and covered by hairs from the female. The first

Bacterial wilt, brown rot

quarantine organism in Europe and considered a bioterrorist organism in the United States. It is a commonly found soil-inhabitant in tropical and subtropical [...] for Race 3 is 27 °C, which makes it more dangerous in temperate regions. It survives well in water and in many different soil types and on alternative hosts [...] xylem, causing bacterial wilt and brown rot in a very wide range of potential host plants. Damage symptoms In potato, field symptoms of Ralstonia solanacearum

Predatory mites

pioneer in the development of predatory mite solutions, starting in 1967 with the rearing of the predatory mite Phytoseiulus persimilis . Over the years, we [...] are similar to the adults in appearance, but smaller in size. Predatory mites are typically measuring only a millimetre in length. Their bodies are often [...] Predatory mites are beneficial arthropods used in pest control to manage and reduce populations of harmful pests in various agricultural and horticultural settings

May beetle

very similar in terms of their external appearance. In short, the adults have a reddish-brown colour and grow to approximately 10 to 25 cm in size, depending [...] aggressive. In early spring they either start feeding again or when the larvae are fully grown a kind of earthern cell is created in the ground in which they [...] to crops, since they feed on plant roots, resulting in visible water stress and ultimately ending in the death of the plant. From the third stage onwards