Leek moth

hatching, the young larva explores the surface and mines the green leaves. On reaching the third instar, the larva penetrates the young leaves, the flower [...] spun on the surface of the leaves or on the flower-stalk of the host plant. The pupa is 7-8 mm long, its colour varies from light yellow in the beginning [...] triangle in the middle of the posterior edge of the forewings. The hindwings are uniformly grey. The moth are active at night and rest during the day. Development

Tobacco whitefly

wings of the adult are already clearly visible. These pupae are found on the oldest leaves. The adult emerges from the pupa via a T-shaped fissure. The adult [...] adult. The larvae are found on the underside of young leaves and have an oval shape. The first instar larvae (crawlers) are mobile, whereas the rest of [...] of the larvae stadia remain flattened on the leaf. The fourth larva stadium develops into a yellow, almost circular so called pupa, in which the red eyes

Oak processionary moth

months. From the 5th instar on, the larvae start building silken nests at the base of lower branches, on the trunks or at the base of the trunks, which [...] s. The larvae usually stay in their nests during the day leaving at night in a characteristic procession to feed in the canopy of the trees. If the leaves [...] also in parts of the Middle East. Damage symptoms The nests of caterpillars on infested trees are clearly visible. The larvae of the oak processionary

Southern European marshland pyralid

caterpillars often stay in the lower strata of the crop, sometimes attacking the stem of the plant as well as the leaves. Late instar larvae burrow into soft [...] tile-like fashion on both the upper and lower surface of leaves close to the veins, or low on the stem or stalk close to the ground. The pinkish red eggs are [...] possibly stem collapse. The holes bored into the stem can facilitate infection by the fungus Botrytis cinerea . In gerbera, the flower buds may also be

Greenhouse whitefly

This is called the pupa stadium and these pupae are found on the oldest leaves. The adult emerges from the pupa via a T-shaped fissure. The adult whiteflies [...] of sucking out the sap from the plant leaves and secreting honeydew. This can have the following consequences: If the population is very large, feeding [...] influence the development of fruit and lead to a reduction in yield. The honeydew deposited on fruit makes it sticky. Dirt adheres to the fruit, and the growth

Pea leaf miner

damaged before the harvest is affected. The size of a leaf tunnel depends on the stage of development of the leaf, the species of host plant and the species of [...] roughly one hour the larva crawls out of the leaf and falls to the ground. This occurs in the early morning. The larva crawls into the ground to pupate [...] percentage of the larvae remain hanging on the leaf and pupate there, sometimes on the upper surface but more commonly on the underside. The late third instar

Cottony cushion scale

months. After leaving the egg sac, the crawlers settle along the midribs and veins of the leaves. The next two instars migrate to the larger twigs and branches [...] running lengthwise over the surface. The ovisac may reach the same length as the body, giving an overall combined length of up to 20 mm. The 'females' are actually [...] depletion; the shoots dry up and die, and defoliation occurs. In addition, the copious quantities of honeydew produced by the scales coat the leaves, blocking

Impatiens thrips

specifically on the leaves. Eggs are deposited in the leaf tissue, while subsequent stages are found on the upper- and undersides of the leaf. Pupation occurs [...] occurs on the leaf rather than on the ground. The prepupae and pupae remain immobile on the leaf tissue. Adults are found on both upper- and undersides of the [...] with orange pigmentation between the segments, and the dark wings are white at the base. This colouration distinguishes the species from most other thrips

Obscure mealybug

wax, the filaments around the body are longer (20-50% of the body size) and the two tail filaments are always markedly longer than the others. The obscure [...] primarily at the foot of the stalk. In an overhead wire system of cultivation, the mealybugs are often located on the horizontal part of the stalk. These [...] their name from the fact that the body of the females from the third nymphal instar onwards are covered with a white waxy material in the form of powder

Diamond back moth

antennae. The hindwings are narrow, pointed toward the apex. The tips of the wings appear to turn upward slightly when viewed from the side. In males, the upper [...] and active. Except for the first instar, which mines in the leaf tissue, the larvae are voracious surface feeders. The pupae of the diamond back moth (Plutella [...] upper edge. In females, the upper two-thirds of the forewings are light ochreous and the markings are like those of the males. The back is marked with a