• Citrus mealybug

  filaments. Their sole task is to fertilize the females and as soon as a male emerges from its cocoon, it goes in search of a female. A fertilized female lays [...] instar, a male nymph forms a dark brown ‘prepupa’ from which a pupa rapidly develops, inside a white cottony cocoon. Females undergo little changes in form [...] citri ) has a world-wide distribution and many and diverse host plants. In temperate regions of the world this mealybug poses a problem in greenhouse

• Broad mite

  brown stripes forming a fine network on the leaves. In case of a more serious infestation, this network becomes so dense that there is no more green tissue [...] rsonemus latus) occurs in the tropics and in greenhouses in temperate regions. The broad mite (Polyphagotarsonemus latus) has a wide range of host plants [...] mite ( Polyphagotarsonemus latus ), is the appearance of dark brown edges at the base of young leaves. In case of a mild infestation, one can often see

• Wheat bunt

  kernels, which in turn become a source of disease in the next season. Infection is strongly correlated to temperature and precipitation in the first 11 days [...] General Tilletia tritici and Tilletia laevis only differ in one gene and easily hybridize. There is debate whether they should indeed be considered separate [...] on all spikelets, showing the bunt (smut spore) they contain, which is larger than a normal kernel. The bunt balls are grey-brown. They rupture at harvest

• Powdery mildew

  General Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that is caused by many different species of fungi such as Erysiphe, Podosphaera, Oïdium, Leveillula. Damage [...] this is where the colonies mostly occur in these crops. In covered roses, the colonies appear first and foremost on the upper side of the leaves. In most [...] mildew. Only in pepper, infection (by Leveillula taurica ) is through the stomata and the fungus grows inside the leaf. Later, the conidiophores in this case

• Pollination checklist Growing lights

  bumblebees to fly when there is enough daylight present. Wireless BeeHome system (WBH) can be controlled either by using a timer or by connecting the transmitter [...] 09-2023 | PR28302 Make sure the hives are not overheated by the lamps and other means, or by the sun in spring and late autumn. The later the lights are turned [...] than 28 °C temperatures you can place them lower in the greenhouse. 13:00 Vertical placement will have a negative effect on the development of the hives

• Municipality Doetinchem: Entonem nematodes managing oak processionary caterpillar

  ‘We think it is important to maintain the biodiversity in the centre, and public opinion is quite sensitive to spraying here. We worked in consultation [...] decided that in spring we would start using Koppert’s nematode product Entonem . A major advantage is that the bycatch of other caterpillars is much lower [...] There are many oak trees in the forests and plantations around Doetinchem. Marc van Rijswijk is the spokesman for Buha, the implementing organisation for

• Roots Growers positive about Mycotal against whitefly

  Whitefly is and remains a pernicious pest for growers of tomatoes and other crops. This is further aggravated by the fact that there are almost no effective [...] chemical product against whitefly in tomato that is effective and, unlike other products, also has a low MRL, which is a requirement for small cherry tomatoes [...] cold in there, so the level of infestation is higher and whitefly levels are high earlier in the year. We could theoretically spray everything in the

• Aphids

  the progeny of a single female is genetically identical to the mother. In other words, they are clones. Because there is no genetic recombination, different [...] to the superfamily Aphidoidea. There are over 4,000 species of aphids that have been described, and they can be found in a variety of habitats throughout [...] identified by the following characteristics: Size and shape: Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that are usually less than 6 mm in length. They have a pear-shaped

• Leaf stripe

  graminea is monocyclic, which means there is only one disease cycle during the cropping season. The fungus is seed-borne and this systemic infection is the [...] resistant cultivars Delay sowing in spring barley until soil temperature is higher than 12-15 o C Prevent plant diseases by optimizing plant potential and [...] General Pyrenophora graminea is a disease of Barley that causes significant yield losses. Damage symptoms Symptoms first occur on the first, second and

• Beetles

  Coleoptera is the largest of all insect orders and displays an enormous variety of form, size and habit. A number of species are a serious pest in crops or [...] damage in many greenhouse and field crops by feeding on leaves, roots, or fruits, leading to reduced growth and yield loss. Effective beetle control is essential [...] stored products. There are many useful beetles as well. For instance, ladybirds contribute to the control of aphids . Beetles undergo a complete metamorphosis