Beetles

known species, Coleoptera is the largest of all insect orders and displays an enormous variety of form, size and habit. A number of species are a serious pest [...] ladybirds contribute to the control of aphids . Beetles undergo a complete metamorphosis, that is, the larvae do not resemble the adult at all, and must [...] pupal instar before reaching the adult stage. Larvae have biting mouthparts and mostly feed on the same food as the adults. The pupae do not make a cocoon

May beetle

ending in the death of the plant. From the third stage onwards, the impact of this pest increases. Lifecycle and appearance of the may beetle The adults belonging [...] damage to crops, the most representative genus is the Phyllophaga . Given the external physical similarities between the adults and larvae of this genus, they [...] y lay eggs, restarting the cycle again. Damage symptoms Initial damage is not visible in the aerial parts of the plant, as the larvae only feed on root

Caterpillars

to crops. The most harmful caterpillars that occur in greenhouses belong to the Noctuidae (the noctuid or owl moths), which is the largest of all lepidopteran [...] that damage greenhouse crops is the leafroller family, the Tortricidae. The name ‘leafroller’ refers to the fact that the caterpillars often live in rolled-up [...] not able to chew and therefore graze the underside of leaves. This causes a window effect where the epidermis of the upper leaf surface remains undamaged

Shallot aphid

and shallot, the aphids often occur at the end of the storage period causing malformation of new plants. Life cycle and appearance of The shallot aphid [...] females of the shallot aphid are 1.1-2.2 mm long and shiny brownish green to dirty yellow. Their legs and antennae are pale, apart from the ends of the antennae [...] antennae and the tarsi. The siphunculi are short an swollen towards the apex. The shallot aphid does not alternate to another host plant for overwintering

Fusarium spp.

inside the vascular system of the host plant and spreads upwards inside the plants. The other species are dispersed upwards on the outside of the plant [...] towards the foot of the plant and enters the vascular system. Inside the vessels, the fungus produces mycelium and many spores (microconidia), which are [...] Fusarium wilt ) is the species that causes vascular wilt. Initially, the leaves turn yellow and wilt, mostly on one side of the plant. Finally, the whole plant

Flies

both directly and indirectly. The type of damage depends on the species of the flies. Direct damage is the immediate result of larvae feeding on root hairs [...] nuisance, are particularly small flies of the families Sciaridae ( sciarid flies ) and Ephydridae (shore flies). The larvae of these insects generally live on [...] their large number. Larvae of flies of the family Keroplatidae (mainly Lyprauta sp.) can cause damage in potted orchids. The Spotted Wing Drosophila has

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HyFood takes habanero to another level with biological control

One of the key factors for the successful implementation of the biological control program was the training of personnel in pest monitoring and the release [...] successfully collaborated in the implementation of an IPM program, which has facilitated the protection of their crops without the use of agrochemicals and has [...] beginning of the establishment of the biological control tools, their consultants showed us the range of possibilities they had to establish in our crop. After

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for the health of the crop, its workers and the final consumer, who now can enjoy a product that is completely safe for consumption. The future of biological [...] part of an integrated pest management strategy (IPM). Although understanding the adaptability of insects in open field and the preventive approach of natural [...] What was the most challenging at the beginning to reach the biological management we currently have, was to understand the adaptability of insects to