Buckthorn-potato aphid
cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. In greenhouses, reproduction takes place by parthenogenesis, with unfertilized [...] generations of females. Aphids moult four times before reaching adulthood. With each moult they shed white skin, betraying their presence in the crop. Wingless [...] emerging in spring, the aphids mainly feed on the underside of leaves of their summer hosts and start to reproduce parthenogenetically. Both wingless and winged