Knowing & recognizing

s and biostimulants that increase the plant’s resilience to stress and help the plant to grow better and remain healthier. Koppert believes that sharing [...] with the necessary information to understand the interaction between pests, diseases and their natural enemies. It explains how they spread in the crop, the [...] Get the growers’ guide to biological crop protection Knowing and recognizing does exactly what it implies. It empowers you with knowledge about the pest’s

Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot

cannot infect healthy green leaves, but can grow in senescent leaves and from there grow through the petiole to the main stem through the xylem vessels. High [...] potato is a different subspecies. How to prevent Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot Prevent high humidity Use sanitation to prevent spread within the crop [...] lesions first are small and sunken, water-soaked and light to dark brown. They are adjacent to wounds and natural openings at the stem end. Later the fruit

Circular scale

addition to citrus, it occurs on many other plants. Damage symptoms Chrysomphalus aonidum has a preference for humid environments. In citrus, it tends to prefer [...] and fruit drop, and stem dieback. First signs of an infestation are dark-purple to reddish-brown or black spots with paler margins, on both surfaces of shaded [...] of Circular scale Female nymphs and adults have flat to moderately convex, circular scales up to 2 mm in diameter with a slightly raised, sub-central point

Dwarf bunt

emergence and the fungi grow inside the plants to the growing tip. The fungi grow between the plant cells and eventually grow inside the kernels. When [...] teliospores. These balls break during harvest allowing the teliospores to fall to the ground. Additionally, these teliospores contaminate healthy kernels [...] germination is 3-8 °C and it takes three to ten weeks for germination. The seedlings are infected after emergence; the two- to three-leaf stage plants are most

Loose smut of wheat

Infection mostly occurs before pollination and within one to two days after pollination. How to prevent Loose smut of wheat Use clean seed: Apply systemic [...] when the seed germinates, the mycelium of the fungus grows upwards inside the plant into the growing tip and the seed primordia. It only becomes visible

Wheat bunt

seedlings even before emergence and the fungi grow inside the plants to the growing tip. The fungi grow between the plant cells and eventually inside the [...] teliospores. These balls break during harvest allowing the teliospores to fall to the ground. Additionaly, these teliospores contaminate healthy kernels [...] correlated to temperature and precipitation in the first 11 days after sowing, with maximum disease incidence at an average temperature of around 6 to 7 °C during

Loose smut of barley

when the seed germinates, the mycelium of the fungus grows upwards inside the plant into the growing tip and the seed primordia. It only becomes visible [...] smut spores. Solution Finder Find solutions for your crop Damage symptoms How to prevent Loose smut of barley Use clean seed: Apply systemic fungicide treatment [...] survival structure. Infection mostly occurs before pollination and within one to two days after pollination. Damage symptoms Infection by Ustilago nuda f.

Cottony soft rot

source of infection for the next crop. The dispersal to neighbouring plants is by mycelial growth. How to prevent Cottony soft rot Practice dry cultivation/be [...] stem base. The plant above it wilts and rots. White, fluffy fungal mycelium grows on the lesions, giving this disease its name cottony soft rot. In the mycelium [...] occur on stems but also on leaves, fruits and pods. Root infection often leads to premature wilting and death of plants. Life cycle and appearance of Cottony

Towards a chemical-free future in agriculture: The vision of grower Koen

the opportunity to continue the business. While the trend towards organic farming was growing, Koen felt that it would be too quick to completely abandon [...] bodies, in organic farming marks the path to the future. "You grow into it a bit," notes Koen. With the growing availability of knowledge and the number [...] abandon traditional methods. He decided to find a balance between both approaches. This way of working allows him to gain experience in using biological crop

Bacterial spot

and handling and aerosols. Many isolates are resistant to copper-containing pesticides. How to prevent Bacterial spot Use clean propagation material and [...] ed spots on leaves which are first round and become more angular as they grow. The centre of the lesions may fall out as they become drier. Under humid [...] On fruits, first small black specks are seen on green fruits. The specks grow into brown spots that look like scab. These spots may be surrounded by a