• Flies

  January 1, 1970

  both directly and indirectly. The type of damage depends on the species of the flies. Direct damage is the immediate result of larvae feeding on root hairs [...] Ephydridae (shore flies). The larvae of these insects generally live on rotting plant material and are mostly found in the soil. The spotted wing drosophila [...] on soft fruits in Europe and North America. Sciarid flies and shore flies are mainly a problem in greenhouses. Their larvae live in the ground and prefer

• Cutworms

  January 1, 1970

  occasionally tunnel into the growing stalk, disrupting the sap flow in the plant. Life cycle and appearance of Cutworms The adults of Agrotis spp. have pale [...] capable of laying several hundred eggs. There are six to seven larval stages. Pupation takes place in the ground. Depending on the temperature, the development [...] Important species are for instance the black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon and the turnip moth Agrotis segetum . The larvae of these moths usually feed on roots

• Pepper

  January 1, 1970

  worldwide. The development of greenhouse technology has allowed for an increase in per crop harvest from 2-3 months in the field to 8-9 months in a greenhouse [...] varieties grown in commercial greenhouses are supported to prevent damage or breakage of their tender stems. The pepper plant has become one of the most widely [...] The pepper plant (genus Capsicum ) belongs to the nightshade family Solanaceae. This plant genus includes all varieties of peppers, including the mild

• False spider mites

  January 1, 1970

  pattern. The eggs are a clear red colour and elliptical in shape. They are laid in a fold in the leaf or along the mid-vein, often in dense clusters of several [...] found on the underside of leaves where they cause a brown, scabby discolouration spreading from both sides of the main vein into the leaf blade. The damage [...] damage often leads to premature ageing of the plant. In some crops, plants can become misshapen, presumably because the mites secrete a substance while feeding

• 100% Sustainable Agriculture

  January 1, 1970

  that is the guiding principle in everything we do! Pioneering is not new to Koppert. In fact, it’s in our DNA. Fifty years ago our founder was the first [...] introducing this valuable legacy of knowledge and experience to the field of Agriculture. Working together with farmers We look at the problems at hand with fresh [...] farmers. With the combination of the right macro- and microbiological solutions, we will guide you step by step using sustainable alternatives in a world that

• Hemp russet mite

  January 1, 1970

  segmented. The body appears to be divided into two parts: the head with the mouthparts, and the rest of the body. All mobile stages have only two pairs of legs [...] Damage is caused by the mites sucking out the contents of plant cells. Hemp russet mite develops on the stems and petioles of the hemp plant and can cause [...] large, the mites can also be found on the underside of leaves. This results in smaller leaf size and suppressed bud growth leading to a reduction in the number

• Trichoderma harzianum

  January 1, 1970

  resulting in better yield and quality. Induced resistance: Trichoderma harzianum reinforces the defence mechanism of the parts of the plant above the ground [...] harzianum grows faster on the surface of the root than soil borne pathogenic fungi, which get no change to establish themselves on the roots. Competition for [...] reducing the availability of resources for pathogen growth and reproduction. Parasitism of pathogens: Trichoderma harzianum produces a range of secondary

• Large blackberry aphid

  January 1, 1970

  and triangular. The aphids overwinter as eggs on blackberry plants. After emerging in spring, the aphids mainly feed on the underside of leaves and start [...] host specific the host plant is the simplest method to distinguish these two species. The large blackberry aphid is widely distributed in Europe and also [...] appearance of Large blackberry aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. In greenhouses

• Oleander scale

  January 1, 1970

  Scale infestation can be seen by the appearance of the scale armour on stems, leaves and fruits of hosts. Infestations on the leaves and stems may cause wilting [...] wilting and may reduce the photosynthetic area of the plants, leading to lower yield. Damage to fruit occurs in heavy infestations, where spotting and often [...] deformity of fruits affects market value. In olives this is seen as green spots on purple fruits. Damage to foliage is particularly important in ornamentals

• Sciarid flies

  January 1, 1970

  damage is the immediate result of larvae feeding on the roots. The larvae feed mainly on decaying plant material and on algae and fungi present in the soil [...] appearance of Sciarid flies The life cycle of sciarid flies has the following stages: egg, four larval instars, a pupal instar, and the adult. The adult insects [...] Pupation takes place in a small hole in the ground. Pupae are white, but later become yellow to brown. The posterior end of the pupa remains mobile.