Tobacco whitefly

transmission of viruses, including TYLCV in tomato. The consumption of plant sap and secreting of honeydew by whiteflies reduce the aesthetic value of crops. [...] peppers, yellowing of the flower stalks in gerbera, and serious yellowing of the leaves of French beans. Other symptoms include the appearance of chlorotic patches [...] its high level of resistance to many insecticides and its propensity for the transmission of viruses. Life cycle and appearance of Tobacco whitefly The tobacco

Cactus mealybug

species, infestations with cactus mealybug cause discoloration of the plants and later necrosis of the tissue. Plant deformations can also occur. Heavily infested [...] eventually die. Life cycle and appearance of Cactus mealybug Mealybugs get their name from the fact that the body of the females from the third nymphal instar [...] white waxy material in the form of powder, threads, spiky projections or platelets. Eggs are laid in a sticky, foamy mass of wax threads, called an egg sac

Common cockchafer

feeds on roots of grasses and clover. The adults feed on the leaves of trees, mainly on oak, maple, beech and plum. Life cycle and appearance of Common cockchafer [...] European beetle of the genus Melolontha, in the family Scarabaeidae. Damage symptoms The common cockchafer ( Melolontha melolontha ) does most of its damage [...] cockchafer The life cycle of the common cockchafer ( Melolontha melolontha ) has the following stages: egg, three larval instars, a pupal instar and the adult

Mottled arum aphid

they produce large amounts of honeydew, which provides an excellent substrate for the growth of black sooty mould. Large areas of mould covering the leaves [...] Damage symptoms Large colonies of mottled arum aphids can greatly reduce plant vigour and kill the plant through sucking of plant sap. However, also at lower [...] Reproduction of the mottled arum aphid is entirely by parthenogenesis, with unfertilized viviparous females continuously producing new generations of females

Lyprauta

appearance of Lyprauta The adults of the three species can be distinguished by the wing pattern of adults. Adults of P. trinidadensis have a variation of dar [...] damaged area, the roots produce large numbers of new branches. This ultimately results in a reduced number of flower stems and a longer vegetative stage. [...] their wings. Adults of L. cambria have a large dark-coloured mark on the apical wing parts as well as two smaller marks. Adults of L. chacoensis have only

Apple rosy aphid

premature leaf fall and death of shoots. Fruits from infested trusses are small and malformed and ripen prematurely. Feeding of aphids directly on fruits causes [...] skin. Life cycle and appearance of Rosy apple aphid Aphids have a complex life cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults, and a great variety in [...] viviparous (wingless) females of the rosy apple aphid are 2.1-2.6 mm long and pink to dark bluish grey, with a powdering of white wax. The siphunculi are

Yellow rose aphid

probably of North American origin but is now widely distributed in Europe, North Africa, parts of Asia and South America. It attacks plants of the family [...] therefore need to extract large quantities of sap to get sufficient protein. The excess sugar is secreted in the form of honeydew, making the crop and its fruit [...] yellow rose aphid is also a vector of several viruses attacking strawberries and roses. Life cycle and appearance of Yellow rose aphid Aphids have a complex

Pear psylla

bark of pear trees. The adults become active in spring and start to feed on young leaves and flowers. Eggs are deposited in crevices of the bark of twigs [...] season may affect the harvest of the next year by weakening or killing fruit buds. Pear psyllas excrete large amounts of honeydew. Sooty moulds often grow [...] appearance of Pear psylla Adults pear psyllas are 2-3 mm long and orange red to blackish. They have white, longitudinal stripes on the back of the thorax

Horse-chestnut leaf miner

spread to most of Europe. Since then, in all invaded regions, outbreaks have continued unabated, causing aesthetic damage to horse-chestnut, one of the favourite [...] the entire surface of the leaflets, especially from July on, when the second and third generations develop. Trees with a low number of attacked leaves are [...] surface of leaves is covered with mines, the leaves start to dry out and fall off. However, total defoliation does not seem to affect the growth of mature

Greenhouse whitefly

The larvae of whitefly need a lot of protein for growth, and thus consume a large quantity of plant sap. This contains a high proportion of sugar, and [...] can be transmitted. The consumption of plant sap and secreting of honeydew by whiteflies reduce the aesthetic value of crops. This is particularly important [...] General The greenhouse whitefly ( Trialeurodes vaporariorum ) is one of the major pests of vegetable and ornamental crops in greenhouses throughout the world