• Parasitoid wasps

  begin to feed on the host pest. They consume the host from the inside, which ultimately leads to the death of the host. Pupal stage: After the larvae have consumed [...] hunt down and parasitise pest species, providing ongoing protection for crops throughout the growing season. Biodiversity and ecosystem balance: The introduction [...] eggs either inside the host's body or attaches them to the host's exterior. Larval development: When the parasitoid wasp eggs hatch, the newly emerged larvae

• Limonica strong contender against persistent thrips

  September 15, 2025

  predatory mite that feeds on a wide range of pests, including thrips (both first and second instar larvae), whitefly eggs and nymphs, and, to some extent [...] different crops and climates. Strengths and considerations “What makes Limonica stand out is its ability to establish quickly and target both first and second instar [...] temperatures fall below or rise above that range. That said, it’s important to keep in mind that the hatching rate of Limonica eggs is low in hot, dry

• Aphipar

  mummy. The adult parasitic wasp emerges through a hole at the rear of the mummy. The first mummies are noticed in the crop around 10-14 days after the first [...] parasitic wasps emerge from the mummies and females lay their eggs into aphids . The next generation of parasitic wasps develops inside the aphid, which converts [...] least a few days Dosage The dosage of Aphipar depends on climate, crop and aphid density and should always be adjusted to the particular situation. Start

• Leaf stripe

  formed at the base of the leaf and the leaf sheath. They gradually extend and become brown and chlorotic and may merge. Eventually this leads to the death [...] be distorted and failing to emerge from the sheath. Ear length and the number of kernels may be reduced and kernels may be brown. The symptoms do not always [...] fungus is seed-borne and this systemic infection is the only source of primary infection. The fungus spreads from the seed into the seedling. Conidia are produced

• Black root rot of cucurbits

  roots. The lesions are slightly sunken and are mostly formed around the point of attachment of lateral roots and root hairs. The lesions may grow and encircle [...] at 10 °C the lesions are light-brown. The lesions can be enclosed by pseudostromata: dark coloured tissue that looks like black stripes. The disease is [...] a few of the roots but in severe cases all roots may be infected. At the final stage of the disease, only vascular tissue remains because the cortex (outer

• Pepino mosaic virus

  effective prevention and management are critical for maintaining yield and marketability. PepMV is a highly contagious plant virus that primarily affects [...] depending on the strain, environmental conditions, and tomato variety, but common signs include: On leaves Mosaic or mottled patterns (light and dark green [...] cycle. Entry The virus enters plants through small wounds caused by handling, pruning, or harvesting. Spread within the plant It multiplies and moves rapidly

• False spider mites

  protonymph, deutonymph and adult. They move slowly and are mostly found along the veins on the underside of leaves. The mites are flattened and egg-shaped when [...] to other mites. Most species that cause damage to cultivated plants belong to the genera Brevipalpus and Tenuipalpus . The most common species are Tenuipalpus [...] found on the underside of leaves where they cause a brown, scabby discolouration spreading from both sides of the main vein into the leaf blade. The damage

• Olive scale

  General The olive scale, Saissetia oleae , is a cosmopolitan pest of citrus and olives and occurs widely in tropical regions and in greenhouses throughout [...] surfaces. The honeydew may attract attendant ants and sooty moulds grow on the sugary deposits. Removal of large quantities of sap debilitate the plant and [...] is dark grey or brown to black and has two transverse crests and one median ridge that together form the letter H. On citrus, early stages might be yellow

• Early blight

  General The only known stage in all Alternaria species is the asexual stage. Conidia and mycelium overwinter in the soil and on crop residues and cause primary [...] lesions on stem and foot. On fruits, dark sunken, leathery lesions occur at the side of the stem. Life cycle and appearance of Early blight From the primary infection [...] spores surviving in the soil are the main source of infection. Especially wheat and barley reduce the number of surviving conidia in the soil. Use resistant

• Geranium aphid

  their presence in the crop. Acyrthosiphon malvae rogersii is holocyclic (i.e. they mate in autumn and produce eggs to overwinter) and monoecious (i.e. they [...] Acyrthosiphon malvae rogersii is a pest of strawberry that is widely distributed in northern and western Europe. Damage symptoms Wingless aphids may form [...] particularly along the petioles. In outdoor strawberries they reach their peak in June. Winged aphids are formed from May onwards and are responsible for