Cotton aphid

occurs early enough in the season, the death of young plants. Retarded growth and defoliation reduce yield. Plant sap is rich in sugars, but has a low [...] cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. In greenhouses reproduction takes place by parthenogenesis, with unfertilized [...] d throughout the world but prefers the warmer regions. It has been a pest in European greenhouses since the late 1980’s, particularly affecting cucumber

Silver-Y moth

greenish to black pupa, either in leaves which are woven together with silk threads, or in a suitable hiding place spun somewhere in greenhouse material. [...] appears in northern parts of Europe until November, migrating back to southern Europe for the winter months. The moths can fly 2,000 to 2,500 km. In temperate [...] plant, usually separately but sometimes in small groups. These eggs are a greyish white, suffused with a blue-grey in the middle and they have irregular surface

Buckthorn-potato aphid

cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. In greenhouses, reproduction takes place by parthenogenesis, with unfertilized [...] produced parthenogenetically. They are usually found in the lower parts of the plants and are not very mobile. In autumn, winged males and females are produced [...] Buckthorn- potato aphid does not cause plant deformation. The major problem in potatoes is the transmission of viruses. Life cycle and appearance of Buc

Two-spotted spider mite

yellow, and in many plants the damage can also be seen on the upper surface of leaves as small yellow dots. The destruction of cells results in reduced p [...] such webs in which the mites live. The webbing and spotting on the leaves affects the appearance of the crop. This is of particular concern in ornamental [...] name, “two-spotted spider mite”. The spots can vary in both form and size. The red eyes can be seen in all stages. Recognize two-spotted spider mite Spider

Oat

It is mainly grown in temperate regions and is a nutrient-rich food. In human consumption is chiefly eaten as porridge but also used in many baked goods [...] cereal is grown for its seed and is used in food production, as oatmeal and rolled oats, and most commonly in livestock feed, especially for horses to [...] goods. It is often present in cold breakfast cereals, muesli and granola. The oat (Avena sativa ) is also called the common oat.

Leaf miners

cosmetic damage. In (sub)tropical areas this can lead to burning in fruit such as tomato and melon. Loss of leaves also reduces yield. In full-grown plants [...] species in this family, only eleven are truly polyphagous. The species that cause most damage all belong to the genus Liriomyza and are very common in temperate [...] creating ‘mines’. There are many species of leaf miner affecting various crops in temperate parts of the world. Under natural conditions, the larvae of these

American serpentine leaf miner

cosmetic damage. In tropical and subtropical areas this can lead to burning in fruit such as tomato and melon. Loss of leaves also reduces yield. In full-grown [...] exit hole in the leaf with its mouth parts. After roughly one hour the larva crawls out of the leaf and falls to the ground. This occurs in the early morning [...] miner ( Liriomyza trifolii ) originates from North America, but occurs also in Europe since about 1976. The American serpentine leaf miner ( Liriomyza trifolii

Amazone Plants continues the path of organic cultivation

plants. In the end, everything more or less turned out fine – the plants in 12 cm pots were sold in 14 cm pots in the summer, and the plants in 14 cm pots [...] such as Mycotal , twice a year, in the spring and in the autumn. Wim van der Meer explains, ‘Koppert is involved in a trial in which we are investigating whether [...] started to take off in 2015. In 2019, the tomato nursery also owned by Van Zijl was converted, before being added to the anthurium nursery in 2020. A remarkable

Blueberry aphid

cycle, with both winged and wingless forms of adults and a great variety in colour. In greenhouses, reproduction takes place by parthenogenesis, with unfertilized [...] found on young shoots. Peak aphid densities are reached in June and July. Sexual adults are produced in September and October and the sexual females lay eggs [...] a vector of blueberry scorch virus. Damage symptoms Blueberry aphids live in dense colonies on young shoots of blueberry bushes and produce large amounts

European red mite

generations in one year. The European red mite overwinters in the egg stage; the “winter eggs” are laid in the wooden parts of the host plants in autumn. [...] Rosaceae grown in greenhouses. It originates from Europe (as can be seen from the common name, European red mite) but is now distributed in all important [...] it does not produce large amounts of webbing. The eggs are about 0.15 mm in diameter, dark red, and oval with small ridges running top to bottom, with