Silver-Y moth

feature is the irregular white mark. The hindwings are brown with a broad, dark band along the margin. The body is light brown and hairy, the antennae [...] of this caterpillar is the oscillatory swaying movement of the anterior end. The caterpillars are nocturnal. When the caterpillar is full-grown, it will [...] generations, and it is the second generation that inflicts much damage to agricultural crops, particularly brassicas, from August onward. The silver-Y moth (

Cotton aphid

from the plant and disturb the balance of growth hormones. As a result, the plant’s growth is retarded giving rise to deformed leaves or, if the infestation [...] as chrysanthemum and kalanchoe. The cotton aphid ( Aphis gossypii ) is distributed throughout the world but prefers the warmer regions. It has been a pest [...] skin, betraying their presence in the crop. The cotton aphid can be distinguished from other aphids by the colour of the two cornicles (siphunculi). These

Verticillium wilt

new hosts. In the senescent tissue, the resting mycelium or the microsclerotia are formed. The spread of the fungus by mycelium growth is limited. Dispersal [...] vessels. The presence of both the fungus and the gum causes the xylem vessels to get blocked, which in turn causes the plant to wilt. Spores may be wind-dispersed [...] cause wilting of plants. The wilting starts at the lower leaves. These leaves are pale-green, then orange-yellow. In the beginning the plant seems to recover

Pierce's disease of grapevine

in the leaves to neighbouring peach trees with the bacteria mainly in the roots is much more successful than the other way around. In general, the low [...] along the margin or the tip from early to midsummer. The necrotic area spreads over the leaf from the margin and is marked by a chlorotic band. In the beginning [...] plums): In peach, the canopy of infected plants is compact and umbrella-like due to the shorter internodes. The foliage is denser and the leaves are a darker

Grey mould

Botrytis cinerea ) is part of the foot rot complex, which causes rotting of the foot and may cause death of the plants. In cucumber and tomato the fungus causes [...] lesions on pruning wounds. These lesions may encircle the stem, so the part of the plant above the lesion wilts and dies. In vegetables and strawberry, [...] that it excretes compounds that kill the plant cells and then uses the content of the plant cells as nutrients. On the infected area, new spores are formed

Bacterial wilt, brown rot

s roots on the stem. The vascular stem tissue is coloured brown and when the stem is cut, bacterial slime oozes from the wound. This is the way to distinguish [...] . Race 3 is pretty much restricted to potato and tomato. Whereas other races have optimum temperatures of 35-37 °C, the optimum for Race 3 is 27 °C, which [...] vascular browning is common with bacterial slime oozing from the cut. When the bacteria transfers to young plants through infected tubers, the wilting and collapse

Cabbage leafroller

colour. The ventral surface is lighter than the dorsal, with hairs located in warty spots that are lighter than the general body colour. In general, the caterpillar [...] appearance of Cabbage leafroller An adult female is 12 mm long and is ochre-yellow with darker markings. The male is slightly smaller and slimmer, more clearly [...] each wing, the more proximal pair almost forming a “V” when at rest. At rest, the wings are held folded almost horizontally over the body. The antennae are

Damping-off

bulbs. At first, the plants recover during the night, but later the plants wilt irreversibly. In potted plants the flower buds fall off. The side roots rot [...] of the root system survives. On the border between air and soil or substrate the plant turns brown. A typical symptom of a Pythium infection is the easy [...] enable the spores to move through water. The zoospores are chemically drawn to the growing roots of young plants and move towards them through the soil water

Roots Growers positive about Mycotal against whitefly

there, so the level of infestation is higher and whitefly levels are high earlier in the year. We could theoretically spray everything in the greenhouse [...] notice that the whitefly’s development cycle had clearly been inhibited in the spots treated with Mycotal. We used the same dosage of Enermix in the three test [...] plots, and slightly higher dosages of the predatory bug. As a result of that choice, we’ve yet to find out how much of the effect can be attributed to Mycotal

Plant Pollinator interactions in high temperatures

humidity is too low or radiation is too high. strong, and the climate in the greenhouse is consistent. No easy feat, but the payback is more than worth the effort [...] protection, the plant aborts the fruit to reduce fruit load on the plant and directs the assimilates to the vegetative growth of the plant. This is undesirable [...] on the first fruit is skipped. The plant looks fine, strong, and healthy. However, the conditions in the greenhouse give the plant the impulse to transpire