• Cucumber

  strategies is crucial for effectively controlling and mitigating the impacts of these pests and diseases. By combining various techniques such as cultural [...] proactive approaches involve regular and systematic inspection of crops to identify the presence and severity of pests and diseases. Growers use various techniques [...] Integrated pest management ( IPM ) is of importance in cucumber cultivation, to ensure the health and productivity of cucumber crops. Cucumbers are exc

• Akanthomyces muscarius

  nursery trees and soft fruit in protected cultivation. Mycotal is safe and easy to use and can be applied using existing spraying equipment. It is compatible [...] fungus grows and proliferates, ultimately leading to the death of the insect host. This process is often facilitated by the production of enzymes and toxins [...] system and disrupt its normal physiological functions. Lecanicillium muscarium is frequently applied as a microbial pesticide in agriculture and horticulture

• Tomato leafminer

  host is tomato but it also feeds on other solanaceous crop plants including potato, eggplant, capsicum pepper and tobacco as well as weeds such as Datura [...] miner (Tuta absoluta), a major pest of field- and greenhouse-grown tomatoes, belongs to the family of Gelechiidae . It is oligophagous, feeding mainly on [...] the epidermis intact. Fruits can be attacked as soon as they are formed but the larvae only feed on green fruits. In case of serious infection, leaves die

• Entomite-M

  Eggs, larvae and pupae of sciarid flies ; thrips pupae. Mode of action The predatory mites feed on larvae of sciarid flies , thrips pupae and other soil-dwelling [...] soil-dwelling insects. The mites appear in and on the soil and at the base of plant stems. The reduction of the infestation level occurs at a slow but steady [...] or Natutec Airobug Dosage The dosage of Entomite-M depends on climate, crop, planting medium and pest density and should always be adjusted to the particular

• Boisduval scale

  the tropics, and in greenhouses in more temperate climates. It is very polyphagous and can be a pest of orchids, palms, pineapples, bananas and many other [...] symptoms The first sign of Boisduval scale is the presence of the scales on upper and lower leaf surfaces, fruits, and stems of plants. On palms, Boisduval [...] species of Diaspi s are very similar in their appearance and damage symptoms. Here, the Boisduval scale is described in more detail, as it is the most

• Oak processionary moth

  processionea ), is a major pest of oak in many European countries. The common and scientific names of this moth refer to the behaviour of the larvae to form [...] processions. The moth is native to central and southern Europe but is now present in almost all European countries and also in parts of the Middle East. Damage [...] reducing the viability of oak trees. However, this is usually less of a problem as the trees normally recover from this. More important is the health risk posed

• Oleander scale

  Scale infestation can be seen by the appearance of the scale armour on stems, leaves and fruits of hosts. Infestations on the leaves and stems may cause [...] Heavy infestation can lead to yellowing, leaf and shoot malformation or shrivelling and plant death. Life cycle and appearance of Oleander scale Adult [...] often deformity of fruits affects market value. In olives this is seen as green spots on purple fruits. Damage to foliage is particularly important in ornamentals

• Brown soft scale

  fruit of the host and reduce photosynthesis and respiration. Life cycle and appearance of Brown soft scale The scale of the female is flat, usually an elongated [...] quantities of honeydew. This is usually the first visible symptom. Because of this, C. hesperidum is often attended by ants. The ants will clean and protect [...] colour of the scale darkens as the female ages. The size, shape and characteristics of the female also vary with different host plants. The middle of the

• Hemispherical scale

  widely in tropical regions and in greenhouses throughout the world. It is a severe pest in coffee and citrus. Many ornamental crops can also be affected, including [...] Life cycle and appearance of Hemispherical scale An adult female of S. coffeae has a hemispherical form with a smooth surface. The colour is usually dark [...] different species of fern, orchid, ficus, oleander and carnation. Damage symptoms The scales present are usually quite easy to see as shiny brown domes

• Leek moth

  The leek moth is present throughout Europe. It is also found in some Asian countries and has been introduced to parts of Canada. The larvae of Acrolepiopsis [...] leek and onion, but also garlic and chives. Damage symptoms The vegetative and flowering stages are most widely affected, but the seedling stage is sometimes [...] weakening or withering of the plant can occur. On old leaves, open galleries can be seen which decrease the economic value of the plant. Severe damage