Horse-chestnut leaf miner
spread to most of Europe. Since then, in all invaded regions, outbreaks have continued unabated, causing aesthetic damage to horse-chestnut, one of the favourite [...] to 180 eggs singly on the upper part of the leaflets. Females of the second and third generations lay eggs on all leaflet surfaces. Larval development [...] the entire surface of the leaflets, especially from July on, when the second and third generations develop. Trees with a low number of attacked leaves are