Black root rot of cucurbits

adverse conditions for years in the soil, but little else is known about the life cycle. The fungus is dispersed by water, air and soil particles. How to prevent [...] General Phomopsis sclerotioides is a plant pathogen infecting cucurbits, causing black root rot of cucurbits. Damage symptoms Phomopsis sclerotioides causes [...] pseudostromata: dark coloured tissue that looks like black stripes. The disease is usually restricted to a few of the roots but in severe cases all roots may

Brown soft scale

General The brown soft scale Coccus hesperidum is very common in tropical and sub-tropical regions and is also a common pest in greenhouses throughout the [...] produce enormous quantities of honeydew. This is usually the first visible symptom. Because of this, C. hesperidum is often attended by ants. The ants will clean [...] cycle and appearance of Brown soft scale The scale of the female is flat, usually an elongated oval shape, 3-4 mm long, yellow-green or light grey in colour

Fusarium head blight or scab

General Fusarium is a group of soil-borne fungi with many different species. Fusarium is widespread and can infect a range of host crops. Many species [...] mycelium cells) or mycelium. Survival is also possible on seed, greenhouse structures, tools and machinery. Primary infection is either seed-borne or takes place [...] overwinters as chlamydospores and ascospores in crop residues. Primary infection is from this inoculum or from infected seed. Infected seed doesn’t germinate

Vidi Fortum

water stress thus leading to better photosynthetic performance. Betaine is an amino acid that improves drought and salinity resistance. Vidi Fortum supports [...] Application as drench or via the irrigation system: A separate tank/container is recommended for the proper preparation and application of the product Always [...] sand filter, ideally directly injected at the irrigation valve by means of an injection pump (e.g. Dosatron) or Venturi system Avoid drainage in substrates

Dacnusa sibirica

wasp Dacnusa sibirica Dacnusa sibirica is a small parasitic wasp belonging to the family Braconidae . This insect is known for its role as a biological control [...] genus Liriomyza . The species is native to Europe and can appear spontaneously in greenhouses in all seasons. Dacnusa sibirica is used for the control of the [...] displays host discrimination; that is, they can distinguish between parasitized and non-parasitized larvae. Dacnusa sibirica is even capable of distinguishing

Phytoseiulus persimilis

with ease. This has the advantage that an outbreak is quickly and effectively dealt with, but the disadvantage is that it disappears rapidly in the absence [...] optimal temperature for controlling spider mite is between 15 and 25°C. At about 20°C with good prey supply, an adult female consumes up to five adult spider [...] the spider mite population by predation. Phytoseiulus persimilis is highly specific and is only effective against spider mites that produce a large amount

Wheat bunt

Infection is strongly correlated to temperature and precipitation in the first 11 days after sowing, with maximum disease incidence at an average temperature [...] tritici and Tilletia laevis only differ in one gene and easily hybridize. There is debate whether they should indeed be considered separate species, since they [...] some or on all spikelets, showing the bunt (smut spore) they contain, which is larger than a normal kernel. The bunt balls are grey-brown. They rupture at

Chafers

young plants and especially in grassland and turf. There, secondary damage is often caused by birds and small mammals digging for the grubs to eat them [...] sostitialis are 14-18 mm long and yellowish chestnut brown. Amphimallon majalis is somewhat smaller; about 13-15 mm long and reddish-brown in colour. The adult [...] fully grown. Larval development takes two years, fully fed larvae pupate in an earthen cell and the adult beetles emerge within 2-4 weeks.

Dwarf bunt

General Tilletia controversa is a plant pathogen. It is a fungus known to cause the smut disease TCK smut in soft white and hard red winter wheats, as [...] as long as ten years. Seed-borne transmission does occur, but is less important from an epidemiological point of view. The teliospores germinate in response [...] some or on all spikelets, showing the bunt (smut spore) they contain, which is larger than a normal kernel. The bunt balls are grey-brown. They rupture at

European red mite

Panonychus ulmi , is mainly a pest of fruit trees (apple, pear, plum and cherry). However, it can attack a large scale of other woody plants and is occasionally [...] when these coalesce the leaves loose colour; this is often referred to as bronzing. When infestation is heavy, leaves can drop. Life cycle and appearance [...] from Europe (as can be seen from the common name, European red mite) but is now distributed in all important apple growing areas of the world. European