Crazy roots, hairy roots, crown gall

have been isolated from crazy roots. This disease seems to be caused by a change in the hormonal system of the plant resulting from the Rhizobium infection [...] Adjust the work order in greenhouses to fit with the hygiene protocol Disinfect the nutrient solution in order to prevent biofilm growth inside the irrigation [...] Additionally, pathogenic Agrobacterium s pecies have recently been assigned to the genus Rhizobium . These pathogenic bacteria were formerly known as Ag

Pierce's disease of grapevine

browning of leaves along the margin or the tip from early to midsummer. The necrotic area spreads over the leaf from the margin and is marked by a chlorotic band [...] infection in cultivated crops. The spread from one host plant species to another is still under investigation and seems to depend on the location of the bacteria [...] leaves slows down the spread both within this crop as well as from this crop to other crops. How to prevent Pierce's disease of grapevine Control vectors by

Attracker

lures thrips from their shelter places. When adding Attracker to an insecticide spray solution, insects are more exposed to the product leading to increased [...] Attracker lures thrips from their shelter places and improves their exposure to insecticide sprays resulting in better control. Crops All crops. Mode of [...] insecticide according to the user instructions on the label Shake the Attracker container well before use Add the correct amount of Attracker to the spray solution

Root and crown rot of strawberry

clavispora. Pestalotiopsis clavispora has been connected to strawberry diseases, but has also been linked to rose diseases. Damage symptoms Pestalotiopsis clavispora [...] found in plants that have been weakened by some form of stress, from underfertilization to water stress (either too much or too little water), or that are [...] stimulates disease development. How to prevent Root and crown rot of strawberry Avoid stress: Take runner tips at the right stage to avoid stress and make plants

Foot rot of cereals

release of spores from infected plant debris or soil. These spores, known as conidia, are spread by wind, water, or human activity to susceptible plant [...] affected cereal crops. How to prevent foot rot of cereals Avoid following maize with wheat in rotations Bury soil-surface residue from previous crops, since [...] disease primarily affects the roots and lower stem of cereal plants, leading to rotting and ultimately compromising plant health and yield. Microdochium nivale

Plant health

Bacterial soft rot, bacterial stem rot

lesions first are small and sunken, water-soaked and light to dark brown. They are adjacent to wounds and natural openings at the stem end. Later the fruit [...] has also been found in the gut of insects, possibly spreading from decaying vegetation to the growing crop that way. Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora [...] healthy green leaves, but can grow in senescent leaves and from there grow through the petiole to the main stem through the xylem vessels. High humidity is

Leaf stripe

Infected plants may be stunted and heads may be distorted and failing to emerge from the sheath. Ear length and the number of kernels may be reduced and [...] fungus spreads from the seed into the seedling. Conidia are produced on the infected leaves when humidity is high and wind-dispersed to neighbouring ears [...] soil temperatures above 15 °C. How to prevent Leaf stripe Produce seed in semi-arid environments without irrigation, to decrease the chances of infection

Oak processionary moth

scientific names of this moth refer to the behaviour of the larvae to form long processions. The moth is native to central and southern Europe but is now [...] September. The eggs (with up to 300 eggs per batch) are laid in contiguous rows along one to two year old twigs and covered by hairs from the female. The first [...] procession to feed in the canopy of the trees. If the leaves on a tree become scarce, the larvae move away from the tree collectively to colonise another

Bacterial spot

pepper, the spots on the leaves are also round and small to start with and slightly raised from the leaf surface. They occur on the abaxial (underside of) [...] and handling and aerosols. Many isolates are resistant to copper-containing pesticides. How to prevent Bacterial spot Use clean propagation material and [...] as dead leaves In field-grown tomato and pepper rotate fields to prevent infection from volunteer plants and crop debris Avoid waste piles in the vicinity